Method for preparing hydrocarbon type oil and hydrochloric acid through pyrolytic-catalytic plastic and device

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing hydrocarbon type oil and hydrochloric acid through pyrolytic-catalytic plastic and a device. The method comprises the following steps of: crushing waste plastic containing chlorine, feeding into a low-temperature fluidized bed through a spiral feeder, leading the plastic to generate low-temperature pyrolysis under the atmosphere of N2 in the bed, separating out the chlorine in the plastic in a form of HCI (Hydrogen Chloride) gas, entering a washing tower after the HCI gas is separated by a cyclone separator and being absorbed in the washing tower to prepare the hydrochloric acid; and leading solid residues generated by the low-temperature pyrolysis into a high-temperature fluidized bed through a reefed line, introducing mixed gas of N2 / O2 into the high-temperature fluidized bed, carrying out combustion and heat release on a part of hydrocarbon residues and O2, pyrolyzing the unreacted solid residues under the high-temperature anoxic atmosphere to generate macromolecule gaseous hydrocarbons, entering a catalyst bed after the macromolecule gaseous hydrocarbons are subjected to gas-solid separation, generating micromolecule hydrocarbons under the action of a catalyst and obtaining the various hydrocarbon type oil after condensation and fractionation.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method and device for pyrolyzing and catalyzing plastics, in particular to a method and device for preparing hydrocarbon oil and hydrochloric acid by pyrolyzing and catalyzing chlorine-containing plastics. Background technique [0002] With the rapid development of the plastics industry, the application of plastic products is becoming wider and wider. The large number of applications of plastics, such as a large number of packaging plastic films, plastic bags, and the surge in the use of disposable non-degradable plastic tableware, has brought great impact on people's lives. While bringing a lot of convenience, it also caused very serious white pollution. A large amount of plastic waste generated in daily life urgently needs to be dealt with in an effective way, not only to minimize environmental pollution, but also to achieve the purpose of reduction. [0003] At present, the production of hydrocarbon oil by pyrolysis of wa...

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Problems solved by technology

[0006] (1) The pyrolysis process of the cracking kettle is carried out intermittently, and the low-temperature pyrolysis is carried out first, and the high-temperature pyrolysis can only be carried out after the low-temperature pyrolysis is completed, which cannot be carried out simultaneously, resulting in only intermittent feeding. Long cycle and low efficiency;

[0007] (2) When low-temperature pyrolysis and high-temperature pyrolysis alternate, frequent valve switching is required, which brings certain inconvenience, and it is also difficult to control the reaction time and the degree of reaction progress, which limits its industrial application to a certain extent;

[0008] (3) The pyrolysis kettle is arranged in the flue to absorb the waste heat of the flue gas and provide heat for pyrolysis. However, the outer wall of the cracking kettle is easy to accumulate ash and coke. Once coking occurs, the heat transfer will deteriorate and the heat transfer resistance will increase. Affects the progress of pyrolysis and requires regular cleaning

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