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Core-shell type ultralow palladium-platinum fuel-cell catalyst and preparation method

A fuel cell and catalyst technology, which is applied in chemical instruments and methods, physical/chemical process catalysts, battery electrodes, etc., can solve the problems of excessively large metal core grains and metal MPt grains, difficult to control the size, and complicated and difficult to control the preparation process. and other problems, to achieve the effects of improving chemical inertness, low production and raw material costs, and improving catalytic activity and utilization.

Inactive Publication Date: 2013-04-17
大连科诺催化有限公司
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0008] The object of the present invention is to provide a core-shell type ultra-low catalyst for fuel cell catalysts that use too much precious metal palladium and platinum, the preparation process is complicated and difficult to control, and the metal core grains and metal MPt grains are too large and difficult to control. Palladium-platinum fuel cell catalyst and preparation method thereof

Method used

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  • Core-shell type ultralow palladium-platinum fuel-cell catalyst and preparation method

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Embodiment 1

[0038] Disperse 10g activated carbon ultrasonically into 20mL ethanol solution (water to alcohol volume ratio is 1:1), soak for 3h, filter, wash with 37.5mL ethanol solution, then wash with 30mL deionized water, and then ultrasonically disperse in 20mL0.1mol / L Stir and soak in the hydrochloric acid solution for 12 hours, add 5 mL of 30% hydrogen peroxide for 0.5 hours, filter, wash and dry for later use.

[0039] Take 500mg of the treated activated carbon and disperse it in 200mL of deionized water, add 0.005mol of organic dispersion protection agent (HP-β-CD, phthalic acid, sodium citrate and glyceryl laurate molar ratio is 1:1:1: 1) Disperse uniformly by ultrasonic, then add 20mg palladium and 350mg metal M 1 200mL of mixed hydrochloride solution (of which Pd 2+ The concentration is 100mg / L, Fe 3+ The concentration is 500mg / L, Cu 2+ The concentration is 800mg / L, Ni 2+ The concentration is 450mg / L), ultrasonic dispersion, adjust the pH value to 9 with 10% potassium hydroxide solu...

Embodiment 2

[0047] Disperse 10g activated carbon ultrasonically into 20mL ethanol solution (water-to-alcohol volume ratio is 1:1), soak for 3h, filter, wash with 37.5mL ethanol solution and 30mL deionized water successively, and then ultrasonically disperse in 20mL 0.5mol / L hydrochloric acid Stir and soak in the solution for 8 hours, add 10 mL of 30% hydrogen peroxide for 1 hour, filter, wash and dry for later use.

[0048] Take 500mg of the treated activated carbon and disperse it in 200mL of deionized water, add 0.01mol of organic dispersion protective agent (HP-β-CD, phthalic acid, sodium citrate and glyceryl laurate, the molar ratio of phen is 2:1: 1:2), ultrasonic dispersion is even, then add 30mg palladium and 300mg metal M 1 200mL of mixed hydrochloride solution (of which Pd 2+ The concentration is 150mg / L, Fe 3+ The concentration is 400mg / L, Cu 2+ The concentration is 700mg / L, Ni 2+ Concentration of 400mg / L), ultrasonic dispersion, adjust the pH value to 10 with 20% potassium hydroxid...

Embodiment 3

[0052] Disperse 10g activated carbon ultrasonically into 20mL ethanol solution (water-to-alcohol volume ratio is 1:1), soak for 3h, filter, wash with 37.5mL ethanol solution and 30mL deionized water, then ultrasonically disperse in 20mL 1mol / L hydrochloric acid solution , Stir and soak for 8h, add 20mL of 30% hydrogen peroxide for 2h, filter, wash and dry for later use.

[0053] Take 500mg of the treated activated carbon and disperse it in 200mL of deionized water, add 0.02mol of organic dispersion protective agent (molar ratio of sodium citrate and glyceryl laurate, phen, ppy is 1:1:1:2), and ultrasonically disperse uniformly. Then add 10mg palladium and 400mg metal M 1 200mL of mixed hydrochloride solution (of which Pd 2+ The concentration is 50mg / L, Fe 3+ The concentration is 500mg / L, Cu 2+ The concentration is 600mg / L, Ni 2+ The concentration is 450mg / L, Co 2+ The concentration is 450mg / L), ultrasonic dispersion, the pH value is adjusted to 9.5 with 5% potassium hydroxide solu...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a core-shell type ultralow palladium-platinum fuel-cell catalyst. A carrier is selected from one of active carbon, graphite carbon, carbon black and mesoporous carbon; an active component is PdM1@PtM2, PdM1 is a core, PtM2 is a shell, and M1 and M2 are formed by compounding one or more than two of metals, such as Fe, Cu, Co, Ni in random proportion; the active component, namely PdM1@PtM2 accounts for 20-50% of total mass of the catalyst, the noble metals, namely palladium and platinum account for 1-5% of total mass of the catalyst, palladium accounts for 0.5-3% of total mass of the catalyst, platinum accounts for 0.5-2% of total mass of the catalyst; and the sizes of active component particles of the catalyst are 1-3nm. A preparation method comprises the steps of: pretreating the carrier; adding an organic dispersing protective agent to prepare a PdM1 / C core; carrying out ultrasonic dispersion; and adding the organic dispersing protective agent for the second time to prepare PdM1@PtM2 / C. According to the preparation method, environmental pollution is less, the process is simple, the raw material cost is low; and multiple steps are performed at normal temperature and normal pressure.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention relates to a fuel cell catalyst, in particular to a core-shell type ultra-low palladium platinum fuel cell catalyst and a preparation method. Background technique [0002] The fuel cell is the focus of the new energy development strategy. The fuel cell directly converts chemical energy into electric energy without going through the heat engine process. It has high energy conversion efficiency (40-60%), high system efficiency and low energy impact, no noise, It has the characteristics of continuous work, high power density, stable output, easy and safe use, and is the best clean energy in the future. [0003] The core-shell low-platinum catalyst is currently the most important type of fuel cell catalyst. The development of a single-atom core-shell structure catalyst can greatly reduce the cost of fuel cell catalysts and the amount of palladium and platinum, which can greatly promote the development of fuel cell technology And commercialization p...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): B01J23/89H01M4/92
CPCY02E60/50
Inventor 陈安尚邱再明孙冰峰
Owner 大连科诺催化有限公司