Novel tin oxide semiconductor and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a novel tin oxide semiconductor photocatalyst. A bivalent chloride of tin SnCl2.2H2O or a bivalent bromide of tin SnBr2.2H2O is dissolved in methanol or ethanol, and a hydrothermal reaction is carried out in a hydrothermal reaction kettle at 150 DEG C to obtain a SnO2 nano semiconductor material with visible light response, wherein the average grain size is 2.5nm, the absorption edge of single-phase SnO2 powder reaches 570nm and is corresponding to a bandgap of 2.17eV, higher light anode current is displayed within a visible wavelength range and reaches a mA / cm<2> level, and half reaction activity of producing hydrogen and oxygen is also achieved. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving the bivalent chloride of tin SnCl2.2H2O or the bivalent bromide of tin SnBr2.2H2O in methanol or ethanol to prepare an alcoholic solution with concentration of 20mmol / L, carrying out the hydrothermal reaction in the hydrothermal reaction kettle at 150 DEG C for at least 24 hours, standing, filtering, and drying filtrate solid at 50-80 DEG C to obtain the novel tin oxide semiconductor photocatalyst. The application comprises: preparing the product into a photoelectrode. Under visible light response, the photoelectrode has higher photoelectrochemical water splitting activity, so that the photoelectrode is used for photocatalytic water splitting or is used as a visible-light-induced photocatalyst.

Description

technical field The invention belongs to the development field of new functional materials, in particular to a novel tin dioxide semiconductor photocatalyst and its preparation method and application. Background technique Photoelectrochemical / photocatalytic water splitting is widely recognized for converting solar energy into chemical energy H 2 ideal way. The generally accepted principle of solar photocatalysis / photoelectrochemical water splitting is that when a semiconductor photocatalyst is excited by photons with energy greater than its band gap, electrons jump from the top of the valence band to the bottom of the conduction band, thereby generating photogenerated holes in the valence band. When the conduction band bottom of the semiconductor photocatalyst is higher / negative than H + / H 2 The reduction potential of the valence band is lower / positive than that of H 2 O / O 2 When the oxidation potential is high, photogenerated electrons and holes have the ability to re...

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