79 results about "Solar photocatalysis" patented technology

A method of carrying out a catalytic reaction with a catalytic reaction system comprising octahedral-based structures, such as a solid-solution or an ordered layered material, with specific early and late transition metals are described. A late transition metal is included in the solids so that a greater amount of solar energy can be absorbed by the catalytic reaction system and the solar efficiency of the method is increased. Catalytic compounds and compositions for carrying out the method are also described.

The invention relates to a BiOI-graphene visible light catalyst and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of inorganic material synthesis and photocatalysis. BiOI and graphene are in the shape of a slice, and the graphene is 1.0%-3.0% by weight. The preparation method of the BiOI-graphene visible light catalyst comprises the following steps of: firstly ultrasonically dispersing graphite oxides into ethanol; then stirring, and adding a certain amount of sodium iodide or potassium iodide water solutions and bismuth nitrate glacial acetic acid solutions at the same time; transferring suspending liquid into a high-pressure reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene liner, and carrying out crystallization reaction at 120-150 DEG C for 6-12 hours; filtering, washing and drying obtain solid products so as to finally obtain the BiOI-graphene compound light catalyst. The preparation method has environment friendliness and simple process; and the prepared BiOI-graphene visible light catalyst has very high visible light catalytic activity and potential application value in a control technology decomposing organic pollutants by utilizing solar photocatalysis.

The invention provides a sunlight full-spectrum responding Ag2O/TiO2/V2O5 nano hetero-structure photocatalyst and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method is characterized by comprising the following steps: mixing tetrabutyl titanate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, absolute ethanol, dimethyl acetamide and glacial acetic acid so as to obtain a solution A, mixing vanadium(IV) oxide acetylacetonate, polyvinylpyrrolidone and dimethyl acetamide so as to obtain a solution B, mixing the solution A and the solution B so as to obtain a polyvinylpyrrolidone/titanate/vanadium(IV) oxide acetylacetonate mixed solution, spinning the mixed solution by an electro-spinning method so as to obtain TiO2/V2O5 nano fibers, then soaking AgNO3 and the TiO2/V2O5 nano fibers in deionized water, injecting a NaOH solution into the deionized water, and drying so as to obtain the Ag2O/TiO2/V2O5 nano hetero-structure photocatalyst. The Ag2O/TiO2/V2O5 nano hetero-structure photocatalyst can well absorb lights in the ultraviolet zone, visible zone, and near infrared zone; at the same time, energy bands of the Ag2O, TiO2, and V2O5 are reasonably matched, thus the photo-produced electronic cavities can be effectively separated, so the Ag2O/TiO2/V2O5 nano hetero-structure photocatalyst has a very high sunlight catalytic activity.

The invention discloses a visible-light-induced photocatalyst Bi4O5Br2 and a preparation method thereof. According to the visible-light-induced photocatalyst Bi4O5Br2 and the preparation method thereof, an improved low-temperature hydrothermal method is adopted, composition of Bi, O and Br in BiOX is controlled by controlling amount of a bismuth source and a bromine source, and a novel layered-cake-shaped visible-light-induced photocatalyst Bi4O5Br2 is prepared successfully. The preparation method is simple in production process, easy to operate, low in synthesis temperature, high in reaction yield, environment-friendly and low in cost and meets the requirement of actual production, the reaction yield is 92%, and raw materials are easy to obtain. The visible-light-induced photocatalyst has good visible-light catalytic activity, can completely degrade various organic pollutants such as rhodamine b, methyl orange and methylene blue in short time under the visible light irradiation, is small in light corrosion and good in reusability, can be applied to industrial production and particularly has a better application value in organic pollutant degradation through solar photocatalysis, and the market potential is large.

The invention provides a nano semiconductor photocatalyst and a preparation method thereof and belongs to the field of photocatalysts. An ultrathin electronic media layer with an electron tunneling function is constructed on the surface of the nano semiconductor photocatalyst, and aims to reduce electron transfer energy consumption between the nano semiconductor photocatalyst and a reduction cocatalyst, promote interfacial charge transfer and improve photocatalytic performance. Particularly, since the electronic media layer with the electron tunneling function is constructed in the invention,the interfacial charge transfer energy consumption is reduced, and a considerable chemical reaction rate of photocatalysis in weak light such as sunlight can be realized. In addition, the electronic media layer constructed in the invention is capable of enabling the catalyst to maintain excellent stability. By constructing the electronic media layer with the electron tunneling function, the nano semiconductor photocatalyst disclosed by the invention has the biggest significance of realizing direct sunlight catalysis.

The invention provides a preparation method of a acidic bismuth titanate photocatalyst with photocatalytic activity under sunlight. The invention adopts a chemical solution decomposition method (CSD), and uses bismuth nitrate and P25 as the main raw materials to prepare bismuth titanate (Bi4Ti3Oi2), which is then subjected to acid treatment to obtain the bismuth titanate photocatalyst with sunlight photocatalytic activity. The photocatalyst has excellent methyl orange (MO) degradation performance in the sunlight irradiation. The production process involved in the invention is simple and has cheap and easily available raw materials; the obtained powder has efficient light response degree, and widens the application range of bismuth titanate in photocatalysis field.

The invention belongs to the field of nonlinear optical materials, and particularly discloses a hydrogel-based solid-state up-conversion luminescence material and a preparation method thereof.The material can be directly used in atmospheric environment and has quite high stability.The method includes: under excitation of low-power-density green light (532 nm, 60 mW.cm-2), enabling up-conversion hydrogel on a PdTPP/DPA system to obtain blue up-conversion luminescence.When temperature is increased, up-conversion efficiency (phiUC)of the material is in positive correlation with temperature and is up to 12%.A convenient and quick idea is provided for preparing up-conversion luminescence materials, and deoxidization is not needed, so that instability in organic solvents, complexity of organic synthesis methods and unfavorable effect on ecological environment protection are avoided usually, and actual application value is increased greatly.The material has potential application value in photoelectrochemical hydrogen generation and in the fields of solar photovoltaic field, solar photocatalysis, environment photochemical technology and temperature sensors.

The invention discloses a composite catalyst with ferric oxide nanosheet-coated nanometer carbon fibers, and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing ferric nitrate-containing nanometer polyacrylonitrile fibers by electrostatic spinning, drying, pre-oxidizing and carbonizing the fibers to prepare polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers with iron oxide seeds, putting the carbon fibers in an iron-containing salt solution, treating the solution at 140 DEG C for a certain time by a hydrothermal method, then washing and drying to obtain the composite catalyst with scaly ferric oxide nanosheet-coated nanometer carbon fibers. According to the invention, iron oxide-containing nanometer carbon fibers are used as carriers of scaly ferric oxide, and the prepared composite catalyst has better catalytic activity than traditional ferric oxide, has good stability, and has wide application prospects in aspects of photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in visible light or natural sun light, hydrogen production by photocatalytic cracking of water, photocatalytic synthetic reactions, and the like.

The invention relates to the structural characteristics and working principle of a novel solar catalytic oxidation-membrane separation three-phase fluidized bed circulation reaction device. The solar catalytic oxidation-membrane separation three-phase fluidized bed circulation reaction device comprises a photocatalytic oxidation reaction region consisting of a composite paraboloid lighting board, a tubular reactor, an upper part water tank, a lower part water tank and the like and a membrane separation region consisting of a membrane separator shell and an immersed membrane component. The working principle is as follows: under the action of an aeration flow, waste water and a catalyst are rapidly mixed to form a gas, liquid and solid three-phase fluidized bed reaction system and internal circulation flow of waste water, the lower part water tank, the tubular reactor, the upper part water tank, a communicating tube, a membrane separator, a circulating tube and the lower part water tank; photocatalytic degradation reaction is carried out when the waste water flows through the tubular reactor; TiO2 in the membrane separator shell is intercepted by the membrane component, and treated water is discharged from a water outlet; and the intercepted TiO2 returns to the lower part water tank and the tubular reactor through the circulating tube along with internal circulation flow of the waste water, so that the TiO2 is circulated and repeatedly utilized in the reaction device.

The invention discloses a method for catalytically degrading phthalate pollutant by directly utilizing sunlight, and belongs to the technical field of environmental engineering. The method comprises the following steps: preparing supernate by using low-price easily-available urea as a raw material through stepwise roasting, ultrasonic peeling and centrifuging; drying to obtain nano-carbon nitride having grain size mainly distributed in a range of 30-50nm; and modifying with a coupling agent, dispersing in a methyl alcohol solution, uniformly applying and immobilizing to the inner surface of a pre-treated glass container. The treated glass container serving as a catalyst can be used for remarkably accelerating the degrading process of phthalate under sunlight radiation, and the removal rate can be 95-100 percent. The method is applicable to actual operation of a pollutant treatment field, has high efficiency and low cost, is beneficial innovation of introducing sunlight catalysis to the environmental engineering; the catalyst is a non-metallic ingredient, does not have secondary pollution risk, has uniform and firm immobilization, is convenient for reclaiming and recycling after reaction, and has relatively good commercial value and application prospect.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a narrow band-gap carbon nitride visible light photocatalyst, and belongs to the technical fields of material preparation and solar photocatalysis. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) dispersing cyanuric chloride and trithiocyanuric acid into an organic solvent according to the molar ratio of 1: (0.2-5), and stirring at the room temperature to obtain a reaction mixture; 2) transferring the reaction mixture into a tetrafluoroethylene-lined hydrothermal reaction still, and carrying out heat treatment to obtain the narrow band-gap graphite phase carbon nitride visible light photocatalyst. The invention also discloses the catalyst prepared through the preparation method. According to the preparation method, the band gap width of carbon nitride is decreased, the visual light absorption range is enlarged, and the photon-generated carrier separation and migration efficiency is improved; the catalyst prepared through the method is stable in property, nontoxic, and easy to recycle, can be circularly used, conforms to the requirement of practical production, and facilitates large-scale popularization.

The invention discloses a system and a method for jointly producing energy by means of solar photocatalysis and medium and low-temperature thermal chemistry by the aid of spectrum frequency division, and belongs to the technical field of solar full spectra. The technical scheme mainly includes that a spectrum frequency divider is arranged right above a groove type reflecting mirror; solar energy with different spectra can be redistributed by the spectrum frequency divider, the solar spectra can be separated from one another at the wavelengths of 750 nm, sunlight with the wavelengths shorter than 750 nm is transmitted into a solar photocatalysis device for preparing hydrogen, sunlight with the wavelengths longer than 750 nm is transmitted to a low-temperature heat exchanger and a medium and low-temperature thermal chemical reaction device to provide heat energy required by heat absorption reaction, and the low-temperature heat exchanger and the medium and low-temperature thermal chemical reaction device are communicated with each other via pipelines to form circuits. The system and the method have the advantages that photocatalysis-medium and low-temperature thermal chemistry are jointly used, and accordingly waste heat can be recycled; each solar spectrum can be divided into two portions by the aid of spectrum frequency division technologies, accordingly, the hydrogen can be prepared by means of solar photocatalysis, the medium and low-temperature thermal chemistry can be efficiently utilized, energy can be saved, and the solar conversion efficiency can be improved.

The invention discloses a solar photocatalytic oxidation-membrane separation three-phase fluidized bed circulation reaction apparatus. The apparatus comprises a photocatalytic reaction area and a membrane separator, wherein the photocatalytic reaction area comprises a lighting panel (a truncation type compound parabolic lighting panel or a solar energy gathering panel), a solar tracking device, a tubular reactor, a lower water tank, and a first aerating device, the membrane separator comprises a membrane separator shell and a membrane component, a second aerating device can be arranged on the bottom of the membrane component according to need, the solar tracking device can be eliminated according to need, the membrane separator shell is an opening type shell or a closed type shell with an exhaust device, and heating devices can be arranged in the lower water tank, the membrane separator shell and the circulating pipe according to need. The solar photocatalytic oxidation-membrane separation three-phase fluidized bed circulation reaction apparatus disclosed by the invention not only can be used for carrying out a photocatalytic oxidation reaction, but also can be used for carrying out a photo-thermal synergetic catalytic oxidation reaction.

The invention relates to a photocatalyst, a preparation method thereof, and application of the photocatalyst in preparation of hydrogen, and belongs to the technical field of preparation of hydrogen through photocatalysis. The photocatalyst consists of a carrier SiO2 and a semiconductor component MS, and the constitution form of the photocatalyst is MS(x)@SiO2; the semiconductor component is a metal sulfide, the percentage x of the mass of the semiconductor component in the total mass of the photocatalyst is 1-50%; the semiconductor component is uniformly dispersed on the surface of the carrier or inside holes of the carrier; a metal (s) in the metal sulfide is (are) one or more of cadmium, zinc, copper, indium, silver, nickel and gallium. Through the adoption of the photocatalyst prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention, under the condition that only the semiconductor and the inert SiO2 carrier thereof are available, the effect of preparing hydrogen by efficient utilization of sunlight through catalysis can be achieved without the assistance of an auxiliary catalyst like noble metal. The use amount of the semiconductor in the photocatalyst is reduced, so that the cost of the photocatalyst is reduced, and the popularization and application are facilitated.

The invention discloses a method and a device for preparing hydrogen based on a photoelectric degradation organic pollutant driven by visible light; the device comprises a reactor, a hydrogen collection device and a light source; the bottom of the reactor is provided with a magnetic stirrer; the inside of the reactor is divided into a photocatalysis primary cell and a photocatalysis hydrogen pool which are independent from each other; a plurality of first photocatalysis electrode pairs are arranged in the photocatalysis primary cell; a plurality of second photocatalysis electrode pairs are arranged in the photocatalysis hydrogen pool; the first photocatalysis electrode pairs and the second photocatalysis electrode pairs are mutually connected serially to form a loop; and magnetons are arranged in the photocatalysis primary cell and the photocatalysis hydrogen pool. According to the method and the device for preparing hydrogen based on the photoelectric degradation organic pollutant driven by visible light, two clean technologies of preparing hydrogen by water electrolysis and preparing hydrogen by degrading the pollutant through solar photocatalysis are coupled, no external power supply is needed, meanwhile the degradation of the organic pollutant and the hydrogen preparation are realized, the hydrogen preparation efficiency is high, and the cost is low.

The invention belongs to the field of inorganic nanometer materials and relates to a preparation method of a ZnO-loaded CdIn2S4 nano-cube composite catalyst and the application of the catalyst to the field of environmental governance. CdIn2S4 nano-cubes are synthesized by using cadmium nitrate tetrahydrate, indium nitrate monohydrate and thioacetamide as raw materials, and a ZnO-loaded CdIn2S4 nano-cube compound is synthesized through deposition and a hydrothermal method. The composite material has the advantages of large specific surface area, wide spectral response range, strong light-harvesting ability, convenience in separation of photon-generated carriers and the like and has very excellent solar photocatalytic degradation ability. A synergistic effect can be used in the ZnO-loaded CdIn2S4 nano-cube composite material, effective transfer and separation of the photon-generated carrier are realized, the light absorption range of the compound is widened, and effective degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride and ofloxacin by the compound under solar light is realized.

The invention discloses a silver phosphate/resin compound. A preparation method of the silver phosphate/resin compound comprises the following steps of weighing an anion exchange resin and a Na3PO4 solution, washing the anion exchange resin by distilled water 3-5 times, draining the used distilled water, adding the Na3PO4 solution into the anion exchange resin, carrying out oscillation and standing, weighing a Na3PO4 solution having the volume equal to that of the used Na3PO4 solution, replacing the used Na3PO4 solution by the newly weighed Na3PO4 solution, repeating the above processes three times, washing the treated anion exchange resin by distilled water 3-5 times, carrying out filtration and drying to obtain PO4<3-> resin, weighing an AgNO3 solution and PVP, carrying out stirring for dissolution to obtain a mixed solution, weighing the PO4<3-> resin, pouring the mixed solution into the PO4<3-> resin, carrying out PO4<3-> resin immersion, washing the treated sample 3-5 times by distilled water, discarding the residual distilled water, and carrying out drying to obtain the silver phosphate/resin compound. The silver phosphate/resin compound has large particle sizes, can treat and purify waste water by natural light/sunshine catalytic oxidation, can prevent secondary pollution may produced in waste water treatment and is convenient for photocatalyst recovery and reuse.

The invention relates to a flat-plate solar photocatalysis water purifier for collected rainwater and drinking water, which comprises a raw water tank, a water outlet tank and a reactor. The reactor is of a flat-plate structure. A reaction tank is arranged in the reactor. The bottom of the reactor is provided with a base. One side of the reactor is provided with a water inlet, and the other side of the reactor is provided with a water outlet. One surface of the reaction tank is provided with a light-transmitting panel. The back of the bottom of the reaction tank is provided with a hanger hole and a clamping position point. A plurality of deflection water passages which are arranged in a stagger mode and are formed by deflection baffles are arranged in the reaction tank. TiO2/geotextile coated photocatalysts are arranged in the deflection water passages. The upper parts of the deflection water passages are communicated with the atmosphere and are provided with emptying diversion trenches. The raw water tank is connected with the water inlet. The water outlet tank is connected with the water outlet. The flat-plate solar photocatalysis water purifier for the collected rainwater and the drinking water has a simple structure and low cost, is simple to operate, is convenient to maintain and is suitable for treating door-to-door drinking water in rural areas and collected rainwater and micro-polluted water in northwest rural areas.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a silver phosphate/resin compound. The preparation method comprises the following steps of preparing phosphate ion resin (PO4<3-> resin), and preparing PVP-containing silver phosphate/resin compound. Through the preparation method, silver phosphate having good visible light catalytic oxidation performances is uniformly and stably compounded to the resin surface so that silver phosphate/resin photocatalyst particles having large particle sizes are obtained. The silver phosphate/resin compound can treat and purify waste water by natural light/sunshine catalytic oxidation, prevents secondary pollution may produced in waste water treatment and is convenient for photocatalyst recovery and reuse.

The invention relates to a photo-thermal coupling adsorption reaction type sterilization material which is prepared from three layers of organically compounded materials, wherein the outermost layer is a solar photocatalysis sterilization material, the middle layer is an adsorption sterilization material, and the inner layer is a nano metal oxide sterilization material. The percentages of the solar photocatalysis sterilization material, the adsorption sterilization material and the nano metal oxide sterilization material to the total mass of the photo-thermal coupling adsorption reaction type sterilization material are respectively 1-25%, 30-85% and 14-45%. The photo-thermal coupling adsorption reaction type sterilization material is applicable to sterilization of surfaces and internal spaces of person skin, facilities, buildings and the like. The sterilization material is directly in contact with surfaces such as person skin and precise instruments which are contaminated by harmful chemicals.