1309results about How to "Reduce compounding" patented technology

Methods for preparing a series of mesoporous silicates, such as room-temperature ionic liquid (RTIL)-templated mesoporous silicate particles, with various particle morphologies are provided. Methods for preparing silicate particles with antimicrobial agents within the MSN pores is also provided. The particles can be used as controlled-release nanodevices to deliver antimicrobial agents.

The present invention relates to a layered catalyst composite useful for reducing contaminants in exhaust gas streams, especially gaseous streams containing sulfur oxide contaminants. More specifically, the present invention is concerned with improved catalysts of the type generally referred to as “three-way conversion” catalysts. The layered catalysts trap sulfur oxide contaminants, which tend to poison three-way conversion catalysts used to abate other pollutants in the stream. The layered catalyst composites of the present invention have a sulfur oxide absorbing layer before or above a nitrogen oxide absorbing layer, and/or normal three-way catalytic layers. The layered catalyst composite comprises a first layer and a second layer. The first layer comprises a first support and at least one first platinum component. The second layer comprises a second support and a SO_x sorbent component after forming its reaction product with SOx having a free energy of formation from about 0 to about −90 Kcal/mole at 350° C. The sulfur oxide absorbing layer selectively and reversibly absorbs sulfur oxides over nitrogen oxides and prevents or alleviates sulfur oxide poisoning of the nitrogen oxide trap.

Fuel cells are described and contain a gas diffusion electrode, a gas diffusion counter-electrode, an electrolyte membrane located between the electrode and counter-electrode. The electrode or counter-electrode or both contain at least one modified carbon product. The electrolyte membrane can also or alternatively contain modified carbon products as well. The modified carbon product is a carbon product having attached at least one organic group. Preferably the organic group is a proton conducting group and/or an electron conducting group. The present invention preferably permits the elimination of fluoropolymer binder in the active or catalyst layer and further preferably leads to a thinner active layer and/or a thinner electrolyte membrane. Other uses and advantages are also described.

The invention relates to a perovskite solar cell and a preparation method thereof. The perovskite solar cell is composed of an FTO glass substrate, a sandwich structure TiO2/ZnO/TiO2 compact layer, a TiO2 mesoporous/perovskite structure material active light absorption layer, a spiro-OMeTAD hole transferring layer and a gold electrode. Compared with the prior art, the sandwich structure TiO2/ZnO/TiO2 compact layer combines with the advantages and disadvantages of TiO2 and ZnO, so that fill factors of the perovskite solar cell are improved to 70%, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency reaches 12.6%. Equipment for preparing the perovskite solar cell is simple, the preparing process is simple, control is easy, the cost is low, and the perovskite solar cell has a very good industrial application prospect.

The invention provides a method for preparing an N-type crystalline silicon solar cell with aluminum-based local emitters on the back side. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, selecting N-type silicon wafers to carry out the surface-textured etching process; further forming a front surface field through phosphorous diffusion; depositing a passivating film on the front surface after the phosphorosilicate glass is formed during the removal of diffused phosphorous; carrying out the back-side chemical polishing process on the silicon wafers to remove the N+ layer formed on the back side during the phosphorous diffusion; then, sequentially printing an aluminum layer or a silver-aluminum layer through the passivating film deposited on the back side, local holes or grooves on the back side and screens on the back side; then, printing silver paste on the front surface; and finally, carrying out the one-step sintering process to form a local P+ layer on the back side and allowing the P+ layer to coming into ohmic contact with the electrodes on the front and back surfaces. By using the N-type substrate, forming local aluminum-based P-N junctions on the back side and further using the back-side chemical polishing process to remove the edge junctions, the invention can substitute for the conventional stacking-type plasma etching process, simplify the technological procedures and further bring a series of performance improvement to cells.

The present invention provides fiber-reinforced composites, and components for buildings, such as door skins, that include fiber-reinforced composites. Also provided are methods and systems for manufacturing fiber-reinforced composites that may be used in building structures. In an embodiment, the present invention provides a fiber-reinforced composite comprising long fibers of fiberglass and polyurethane produced using long-fiber injection (LFI) technology.

Disclosed are nucleic acid and amino acid sequences for acetolactate synthase, acetolactate synthase regulatory regions, α-tubulin promoter, a promoter from a Thraustochytriales polyketide synthase (PKS) system, and fatty acid desaturase promoter, each from a Thraustochytriales microorganism. Also disclosed are recombinant vectors useful for transformation of Thraustochytriales microorganisms, as well as a method of transformation of Thraustochytriales microorganisms. The recombinant nucleic acid molecules of the present invention can be used for the expression of foreign nucleic acids in a Thraustochytriales microorganism as well as for the deletion, mutation, or inactivation of genes in Thraustochytriales microorganisms.

Protected fluorescent reagent compounds and their methods of synthesis are provided. The compounds are useful in various fluorescence-based analytical methods, including the analysis of highly multiplexed optical reactions in large numbers at high densities, such as single molecule real time nucleic acid sequencing reactions. The compounds contain fluorescent dye elements, that allow the compounds to be detected with high sensitivity at desirable wavelengths, binding elements, that allow the compounds to be recognized specifically by target biomolecules, and protective shield elements, that decrease undesirable contacts between the fluorescent dye elements and the bound target biomolecules and that therefore decrease photodamage of the bound target biomolecules by the fluorescent dye elements.

The invention discloses a solar cell, a screen printing plate and a solar cell module thereof, belonging to the technical field of photovoltaics. The solar cell of the invention comprises a cell substrate and an electrode, wherein the electrode is arranged on the substrate; the electrode comprises a main grid line; the construction of the line area of the main grid line is in a structure comprising at least one thin grid line to reduce the contact area between the main grid line and the substrate; the screen pringting plate provided by the invention is used for manufacturing the electrode of the solar cell of the invention by screen printing; and meshes for composing and forming the main grid line of the electrode are arranged on the screen printing plate. The solar cell module provided by the invention comprises a plurality of the solar cells provided by the invention. The solar cell and the solar cell module have low cost, and because the compound area between the metal electrode and the silicon in the cell structure is reduced, the conversion efficiency is improved, the output power of the module is increased, and in addition, the reliability after an interconnector is welded with a cell plate is good.

A method for the production of a leadthrough in a fibre compound material for a rotor blade, with the following procedure steps: an opening free of fibres (12) is provided in a half-finished fibre product such that the fibres run around the opening (12), the half-finished fibre product is processed into a fibre compound material by adding a matrix material, and the leadthrough is put in place through the opening in the half-finished fibre product.

The invention discloses a perovskite solar cell. The perovskite solar cell is characterized by sequentially comprising a conductive glass layer, a compact titanium dioxide film, a porous titanium dioxide film, a methylamine lead iodine polycrystalline film, a hole-transport material layer and an evaporation silver electrode layer. Interface modification is carried out on the methylamine lead iodine polycrystalline film through long-chain alkyl silane coupling agents, and the number of carbon atoms of the long-chain alkyl silane coupling agents is larger than six and smaller than sixteen. The invention further discloses a manufacturing method of the perovskite solar cell. Compared with the prior art, the perovskite solar cell and the manufacturing method have the advantages that as interface modification is carried out through the long-chain alkyl silane coupling agents, the recombination of electrons in the cell can be suppressed, and the stability of the cell in the wet environment can be improved.

Provided herein are compounds, compositions and methods for the treatment of liver disorders, including HCV infections. In one embodiment, compounds and compositions of nucleoside derivatives are disclosed, which can be administered either alone or in combination with other anti-viral agents.

A method and apparatus for catalytically processing a gas stream passing therethrough to reduce the presence of NO_x therein, wherein the apparatus includes a first catalyst composed of a silver containing alumina that is adapted for catalytically processing the gas stream at a first temperature range, and a second catalyst composed of a copper containing zeolite located downstream from the first catalyst, wherein the second catalyst is adapted for catalytically processing the gas stream at a lower second temperature range relative to the first temperature range.

Embodiments of the present invention include a filter element for decomposing contaminants including a substrate, and a photocatalytic composition comprising at least a photocatalyst. The embodiments of the present invention also includes a system for decomposing contaminants including a substrate, and a photocatalytic composition comprising at least a photocatalyst; and a method using the system.

There is provided a catalyst for hydrotreating a hydrocarbon oil, which comprises an inorganic oxide support containing a certain amount of phosphorus oxide having provided thereon: at least one selected from metals in the Group 6 of the periodic table, at least one selected from metals in the Group 8 of the periodic table, and carbon, and which has a certain specific surface area, pore volume, and mean pore diameter, a process for producing the same, and a method for hydrotreating a hydrocarbon oil using the same. Thereby, the catalyst can be produced in a simple and convenient manner and sulfur compounds in the hydrocarbon oil can be exceedingly highly desulfurized and simultaneously nitrogen compounds can be diminished without necessitating severe operating conditions.

The invention relates a method for manufacturing a high-quality perovskite thin film. The main steps are that organic amine treatment is carried out on powder or crystals of a precursor of perovskite, and then the powder or the crystals of the precursor of the perovskite are converted into liquids. The liquids are subjected to film forming technology to manufacture the high-quality perovskite thin film. The perovskite thin film manufactured through utilization of the technical process is controllable and uniform in thickness and good in crystallinity. The technical process is simple in operation and lower in cost, and is applicable to manufacturing highly efficient perovskite solar cells, light emitting diodes, photosensitive elements and laser devices in a large-sized mode.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a graphite phase carbon nitride/rutile monocrystal titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanowire array. The preparation method is characterized by comprising the following steps: (a) dissolving a cyanamide compound or urea in a solution, immersing the prepared rutile monocrystal TiO2 nanowire array into the obtained cyanamide compound or urea solution, and then taking out and drying the nanowire array; and (b) performing heat treatment on the dried nanowire array to finally obtain the graphite phase carbon nitride/rutile monocrystal TiO2 nanowire array. The preparation method has the advantages of simple process and low cost, thus being applicable to large-scale industrial production; and the prepared graphite phase carbon nitride/rutile monocrystal TiO2 nanowire array has good visible light response activity, and can be widely applied to the fields such as photocatalysis, hydrogen production by photocatalytic decomposition of water, photoelectric conversion and the like.

A hybrid fuel and methods of making the same are disclosed. A process for making a hybrid fuel includes the steps of combining a biofuel emulsion blend and a liquid fuel product to form a hybrid fuel. Optionally, the hybrid fuel can be combined with water in a water-in-oil process and include oxygenate additives and additive packages. A hybrid fuel includes blends of biofuel emulsions and liquid fuel products, including light gas diesel. Optionally, the hybrid fuel can include water, oxygenate additives, and other additive packages.

One exemplary embodiment can be a process using an aromatic methylating agent. Generally, the process includes reacting an effective amount of the aromatic methylating agent having at least one of an alkane, a cycloalkane, an alkane radical, and a cycloalkane radical with one or more aromatic compounds. As such, at least one of the one or more aromatic compounds may be converted to one or more higher methyl substituted aromatic compounds to provide a product having a greater mole ratio of methyl to phenyl than a feed.