The invention relates to a bitter gourd modified atmosphere packaging and freshness preserving method and belongs to the technical field of vegetable freshness preservation and storage. The method includes the following steps of bitter gourd picking, precooling, sorting, cleaning and sterilizing, film coating and freshness preserving, dehydrating, secondary precooling, modified atmosphere packaging, ultrasonic sterilizing and storage. By means of the mode of combining two times of sterilization, two times of precooling, film coating, freshness preserving and modified atmosphere packaging, high quality of bitter gourd is maintained under the condition that no chemical reagents are used, original taste, flavor and nutrients of food are guaranteed, original taste, flavor and appearance of fresh bitter gourd can be truly ensured, no side effects are caused, and the method is a modern fruit and vegetable freshness preserving method capable of effectively prolonging shelf life.