Nano-silicon material and application thereof

A nano-silicon and nano-technology, which is applied in the application field of nano-silicon materials and lithium-ion battery negative electrode materials, can solve the problems of increasing synthesis cost, synthesis difficulty, and difficulty in meeting large-scale production, and achieves low cost, high yield, Easy to amplify composite effects

Active Publication Date: 2015-04-29
NANJING UNIV
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

However, the existing reports need to synthesize and provide a certain amount of nano-SiO 2 Precursor, which not only increases the synthesis cost, but also SiO with particle si

Method used

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  • Nano-silicon material and application thereof
  • Nano-silicon material and application thereof
  • Nano-silicon material and application thereof

Examples

Experimental program
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Example Embodiment

[0043] Example 1

[0044] The first step: Pass the untreated attapulgite through 200 mesh molecular sieves, add 10 g of it to 300 mL of 2M HCl solution, and react at 70°C for 30 hours. Filter, wash with water to neutrality, dry in an oven at 80°C, heat treatment in a muffle furnace at 600°C for 4h to obtain nano-SiO with rod-like structure 2 . The scanning electron microscope photos such as figure 1 As shown, the length is 300-800nm ​​and the width is 20-40nm.

[0045] Step 2: Combine Mg and SiO 2 Powder massager ratio 2:1 evenly ground (2g SiO 2 ), placed in a porcelain boat, and reacted in a tube furnace at 680°C under Ar atmosphere for 4 hours. The product was stirred and reacted in 1M HCl and 6% HF at room temperature for 5 hours and 10 minutes, respectively, to obtain a uniform particle size distribution of less than 100nm Elemental silicon material (0.8g), the scanning electron microscope photos are as follows figure 2 Shown. According to its transmission electron microsco...

Example Embodiment

[0049] Example 2:

[0050] The first, third and fourth steps are shown in Example 1. In the second step, the Mg powder and SiO 2 The molar ratio is set to 3:1 (2g SiO 2 ), where the magnesium powder is laid flat on the lower layer of the porcelain boat, SiO 2 Coat evenly on the upper porous stainless steel net and react at 850°C for 5 hours. The charge and discharge performance and discharge capacity of the prepared battery are the same as those of Example 1.

Example Embodiment

[0051] Example 3:

[0052] The first, second, and fourth steps are shown in Example 1. In the third step, the C source for coating Si comes from glucose. The obtained elemental silicon material was ultrasonically dispersed in an ethanol solution with a certain amount of glucose dissolved at 200°C. Hydrothermal treatment for 5h. The filtered, washed, and dried sample was heat-treated in a tube furnace at 700°C for 3h under an Ar atmosphere. The charge and discharge performance and discharge capacity of the prepared battery are the same as those of Example 1.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a nano-silicon material which is prepared by the following steps: using a rod-shaped nano SiO2 material with the length of 300-800nm and the width of 20-40nm, and preparing the nano-silicon material by virtue of a magnesiothermic reduction method, wherein the rod-shaped nano SiO2 material is prepared by the steps of taking attapulgite as a raw material, screening, pickling and performing high-temperature heat treatment. According to the nano-silicon material disclosed by the invention, cheap and natural attapulgite serves as a precursor, the rod-shaped nano SiO2 is purified from the attapulgite, an elemental silicon material with uniform particle size distribution is prepared in one step, amplified synthesis is easily realized in the method, gram-grade reaction can be achieved in a lab, and the cost is low; and moreover, the obtained elemental silicon material is high in yield, the elemental silicon material subjected to carbon coating treatment serves as a negative electrode material of a lithium ion battery, and excellent lithium storage performance is achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of nano-materials, and specifically relates to a nano-silicon material and its application, that is, extracting and synthesizing the nano-silicon material from natural attapulgite, and its application as a lithium-ion battery negative electrode material. Background technique [0002] Compared with the traditional graphite negative electrode lithium battery, the lithium ion battery of silicon negative electrode material has a series of advantages such as large specific capacity (~4000mAh / g), low discharge platform and abundant sources. Silicon replaces traditional graphite as the negative electrode of lithium ion battery Promising material. [0003] Although silicon materials have attractive prospects as lithium battery anodes, their disadvantages are also obvious, the most important being the formation of Li x Si alloys cause the volume of silicon to expand by nearly 400%, and such a large volume effect can cause the...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/38B82Y30/00
CPCB82Y30/00H01M4/386H01M4/48H01M4/625H01M10/0525Y02E60/10
Inventor 杜红宾孙林
Owner NANJING UNIV
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