Long permanent magnet pipe centripetal excitation cylindrical confined magnetic field type electromagnetic vibration table magnetic structure based on magnetic field tracking compensation

Abstract

The invention discloses a long permanent magnet pipe centripetal excitation cylindrical confined magnetic field type electromagnetic vibration table magnetic structure based on magnetic field tracking compensation and belongs to the technical field of vibration measurement. The cylindrical confined magnetic field structure is provided, a permanent magnet pipe is coaxially assembled inside a long cylindrical outer yoke in a bonding mode, magnetic poles on the inner surface of the permanent magnet pipe are of the same the polarity, a closed magnetic circuit is formed by yokes, high-uniformity magnetic field distribution is realized in an air gap, compensating coils are evenly wound around a center yoke, the direction of the current of the compensating coils is opposite to that of a working coil, synchronous current phase tracking is achieved for the compensating coils and the working coil, the current amplitudes of the compensating coils and the working coil are in proportion, and a formed compensating magnetic field can conduct synchronous tracking compensation on the influence of armature reaction. According to the structure, large stroke, high magnetic field uniformity, large thrust and linear electromagnetic driving force can all be realized, and a high-precision large-stroke electromagnetic vibration table magnetic structure technical scheme is provided for low-frequency / ultralow-frequency vibration calibration.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of vibration measurement, and mainly relates to a magnetic circuit structure of a long permanent magnet tube centripetal excitation cylindrical closed magnetic field type electromagnetic vibrating table with magnetic field tracking compensation. Background technique [0002] In recent years, aerospace, building bridges, earthquake prevention and disaster reduction and other fields have raised the need for low-frequency / ultra-low-frequency vibration calibration. The electromagnetic vibrating table that generates standard vibration signals is the key equipment for high-precision vibration calibration. In order to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the standard vibration signal and ensure the calibration accuracy of low-frequency / ultra-low-frequency vibration, the electromagnetic vibration table is required to have as large a stroke as possible under the premise of ensuring thrust and precision. In the desig...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] The disadvantages of the above two technical solutions are: 1) the cylindrical outer yoke needs to be processed in the long inner dimension, which is difficult to process and difficult to guarantee the accuracy; 2) when the cylindrical permanent magnet is used, the through hole needs to be processed on the permanent magnet And it is fixed on the yoke by non-magnetic bolts, the assembly is complicated and will affect the magnetic circuit; when a cylindrical permanent magnet is used, it is difficult to sinter, process, magnetize and assemble a large-sized cylindrical permanent magnet; 3) The cylindrical outer yoke needs to be set on the central yoke. If the permanent magnet is magnetized first and then assembled, the assembly is very difficult and the assembly accuracy is difficult to guarantee; the permanent magnet of AlNiCo material can be assembled first and then magnetized. However, due to the low coercive force of the permanent magnet of the AlNiCo material, the magnetization effect is limited and the performance is not good, which seriously restricts the mechanical properties and indicators of the magnetic circuit structure.

[0007] The disadvantages of this technical solution are: 1) the entire magnetic circuit structure is composed of multiple structural combinations and splicing, and the structure is complex; the small permanent magnet needs to be installed on the wedge-shaped pole piece by gluing or other methods, which is complicated to assemble and difficult to ensure. Assembly accuracy; 2) The static magnetic induction intensity at a certain position in the air gap is directly related to the working point of the permanent magnet at that position, and the uniformity of the magnetic field in the entire air gap is difficult to guarantee, and the consistency of materials and processes for small permanent magnets is required Higher; 3) The permanent magnet directly faces the air gap, and the additional magnetic field generated after the working coil is energized will force it to be magnetized or demagnetized. When a large current is passed through the working coil, it is easy to cause irreversible demagnetization of the permanent magnet; 4) When the working coil is energized, the magnetic flux on one side of the coil increases and the magnetic flux on the other side decreases. Since the permanent magnet directly faces the air gap, the magnetic circuit on the side where the magnetic flux increases is easy to saturate. At this time, one side of the coil increases The magnetic flux of the coil is less than the reduced flux of the other side, resulting in a decrease in the average magnetic induction intensity at the position of the coil, which in turn distorts the generated standard vibration signal

However, there are various problems and deficiencies in the existing technologies. It is difficult to further improve the uniformity of the static magnetic induction intensity distribution in the air gap and the linearity index of the output electromagnetic driving force after the coil is energized.

[0009] There are three key issues: (1) The uniformity of the magnetic induction intensity distribution of the main magnetic circuit in the long air gap is difficult to guarantee

Before the coil is energized, the permanent magnet is excited to form the magnetic induction intensity distribution of the main magnetic circuit. With the increase of the stroke of the electromagnetic vibrating table, the problem of non-uniformity of the magnetic field in the long air gap becomes very prominent, which seriously restricts the output of the electromagnetic driving force after the coil is energized. linearity; some researchers try to compensate by adjusting the current waveform, but the effect is difficult to guarantee, especially for high-order magnetic field non-uniformity error compensation effect is poor, so far no truly effective and highly practical compensation has been proposed at home and abroad method

(2) The influence of the armature reaction after the working coil is energized

(3) It is difficult to process and assemble long yokes and large-size permanent magnets, and the accuracy is difficult to guarantee

[0011] In summary, restricted by the above problems, the standard low-frequency vibration produced by existing technical solutions is difficult to make breakthroughs in indicators such as waveform distortion, and it is difficult to meet the high-precision calibration of low-frequency / ultra-low-frequency vibration, especially the next generation with very low frequency and the need for vibration calibration of ultra-precise features

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