Three-dimensional protection soil tillage-free deep application method

Abstract

The invention discloses a three-dimensional protection soil tillage-free deep application method. The method comprises the following steps: detecting and judging the whole layered structure of an operation object; under the condition of no plowing of a plowing layer of soil, according to the layered structure, jetting compressed air into the soil at the concrete operation points by layering for a plurality of times, and deep loosening the soil by spray explosion; and conveying a granular fertilizer while / after deep loosening of the soil by spray explosion at the concrete operation points. According to the invention, the method can realize targeted directional deep application to deep-application-needed plants, so loss and wastes of nutrients are greatly reduced; rolling compaction and damage to the soil due to a plurality of operations of artificial and traditional agricultural machinery are avoided; the problems like volatilization of nitrogen, easy fixation and difficult downward shift of phosphorus and later-period early senescence of perennial crops are sloved; meanwhile, the method is favorable for development of the plowing layer of the soil and improvement of soil fertility, so soil fertility conditions are improved; and the method is beneficial for crop roots to downward grow deep into the soil, so growth amount of the roots is expanded; water and nutrient absorption abilities of crops are strengthened; and agricultural production cost inputs are reduced.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of modern agricultural soil fertilization, in particular to a three-dimensional protective soil no-tillage deep fertilization method. Background technique [0002] In modern agricultural planting, soil fertilization is a major way to improve soil fertility and crop growth. Traditional fertilization methods mainly include soil surface fertilization, furrow fertilization, hole fertilization, etc. Among them, excessive fertilization in the fertilization method is easy to be lost with water, causing serious waste, polluting the environment, and failing to solve the problem of lack of soil organic matter. Fertilizer application On the surface of the soil cultivation layer, it is difficult to be absorbed and utilized by the crop root system, and the probability of being fixed by the soil is high, and the utilization rate is low; while the method of furrow application and hole application can effectively use the rich fertili...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Traditional fertilization methods mainly include soil surface fertilization, furrow fertilization, hole fertilization, etc. Among them, excessive fertilization in the fertilization method is easy to be lost with water, causing serious waste, polluting the environment, and failing to solve the problem of lack of soil organic matter. Fertilizer application On the surface of the soil cultivation layer, it is difficult to be absorbed and utilized by the crop root system, and the probability of being fixed by the soil is high, and the utilization rate is low; while the method of furrow application and hole application can effectively use the rich fertility of organic fertilizer, but the depth of the application of the soil is shallow, and the single furrow Machine tools such as planting and hole planting will increase the number of times the unit enters the ground, and the soil will be repeatedly compacted manually and mechanically, destroying the soil structure and increasing the degree of soil compaction, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, high input cost, and low work efficiency

In addition, although in the existing technology, the state advocates no-tillage operation, and proposes to directly cover the organic matter such as straw for protective no-tillage. Although this method can ensure soil erosion and prevent soil layer damage, microbial activity The decomposition is slow, the soil organic matter accumulates less, the effect on soil improvement is not obvious, and it also provides a wintering place for pests and diseases

[0003] At the same time, in the prior art, the fertilizer deep application technology in the agricultural production process is not suitable for different crop varieties, different soil types, fertilization ratios, deep application positioning, and uniform fertilization and anti-blocking of the fertilizer applicator. Higher requirements need to be met, but no substantial progress has been made so far

Especially for intertillage and fertilization of perennial crops (fruit trees, medicinal materials, etc.), scattered cultivated land, and areas that are not convenient for the operation of large-scale soil loosening and fertilizing machines, basically rely on manual ditching and fertilization operations, and a large number of manual and machine tools. The destruction, its operation is time-consuming and labor-intensive, the operation is labor-intensive, the efficiency is low, the cost of agricultural production is high, and it is difficult to realize the standardization and large-scale production of crops

At the same time, due to the low level of development of agricultural mechanization, the development and update of matching deep fertilization equipment lags behind, and the labor intensity of fertilization is high. In addition, the single type of fertilizer makes the research and promotion of deep fertilization technology progress slowly.

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