Heavy oil catalytic cracking method and device

Abstract

The invention provides a catalytic cracking method of heavy oil and a device thereof. According to the method, the bottom of a riser is connected in series with a fast fluidized bed to be used as a reactor. The method comprises the following steps: a catalytic cracking catalyst in the fast fluidized bed goes upwards and enters the riser to be contacted with a heavy oil raw material, and the catalytic cracking catalyst and the heavy oil raw material go upwards together and a first catalytic cracking reaction is performed; reaction oil-gas from the riser undergoes fractionation to obtain cracking gas, gasoline, diesel oil, recycle oil and slurry; recycle oil undergoes dearomatization treatment by the use of an aromatic extraction solvent to obtain aromatic extract oil and aromatic raffinate; the aromatic extract oil undergoes a catalytic hydrogenation reaction, and generated oil-gas undergoes fractionation to obtain cracking gas, gasoline, diesel oil and catalytic hydrogenation heavy oil; the aromatic raffinate and the catalytic hydrogenation heavy oil are introduced back into the fast fluidized bed to carry out a secondary catalytic cracking reaction, and generated reaction oil-gas enters the riser to carry out a first catalytic cracking reaction. According to the invention, maximum yield of light oil products and high value-added chemical materials can be realized, and utilization rate of heavy oil raw material is raised.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method and device for catalytic cracking of heavy oil, in particular to a method and device for catalytic cracking of heavy oil raw materials by classification and division, and belongs to the technical field of petroleum processing. Background technique [0002] With the continuous development and progress of the oil refining industry, heavy oil catalytic cracking processing requires increasing the output of high value-added products, while reducing the output of low value-added products such as dry gas, liquefied gas and coke as much as possible. In the refinery of the future, the catalytic unit will no longer be the unit that directly produces the final product. Gasoline and diesel produced by catalytic cracking must be refined to improve product quality in order to meet the latest environmental protection requirements. Despite many challenges, catalytic cracking technology is still innovating and developing, especially t...

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Problems solved by technology

In addition, relevant industrial production data show that: in the catalytic cracking products with Daqing vacuum residue as the main raw material (residue ratio 85%), when the conversion rate reaches 76%, the coke yield reaches 11%, and the dry gas, oil The total yield of pulp and coke exceeds 20%. Compared with the coking process, the catalytic cracking technology with high conversion rate has no advantage in light yield

[0006] In summary, there is still room for improvement in the existing catalytic cracking methods for heavy oil. How to increase the conversion rate of heavy oil raw materials while increasing the yield of light oil and liquid yield, and at the same time reduce the low added value of dry gas, liquefied gas and coke as much as possible. Product yield has become an urgent problem to be solved

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