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Separation and purification method for metallic sodium

A technology for separation and purification of sodium metal, applied in the direction of improving process efficiency, etc., can solve the problems of high equipment investment, long time consumption, high vacuum degree requirements, etc., achieve high separation and purification efficiency, improve separation and purification efficiency, and excellent economic benefits

Active Publication Date: 2016-08-03
内蒙古默锐能源材料有限公司
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Therefore, the method of separating metallic sodium from sodium slag by vacuum distillation inevitably faces problems such as long time consumption, high vacuum degree requirements, high energy consumption, and high equipment investment.

Method used

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  • Separation and purification method for metallic sodium
  • Separation and purification method for metallic sodium
  • Separation and purification method for metallic sodium

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0033] A method for separating and purifying metallic sodium, comprising the following steps:

[0034] A 1000mL four-neck flask equipped with a thermometer, nitrogen inlet tube, condenser and mechanical stirring was selected as the metal sodium separation device. First use a large flow of nitrogen to purge and replace the air in the reaction bottle. After the replacement is completed, under the condition of controlling the nitrogen flow rate to 25mL / min, add 500ml of toluene as a dispersion medium, and then add 150g of " Sodium slag". Use an oil bath to heat until the toluene refluxes, control the temperature and keep the toluene in a reflux state for 20 minutes, then slowly start stirring, and finally reach 100rpm, continue stirring at 100rpm for 10min, then start to cool down, and adjust the stirring speed to 30rpm, when When the temperature of the material in the reaction flask dropped to 30°C, the stirring was stopped. Under nitrogen protection, use a metal mesh filter w...

Embodiment 2

[0037] As described in Example 1, the difference is that 500 mL of ethylene glycol diethyl ether is used instead of toluene.

[0038] Obtain 101g of metallic sodium on a 2.0mm metal filter, and the purity of metallic sodium is 99.1%. The filter residue was 40.2g, and the residual metal sodium in the filter residue was about 1.1g.

Embodiment 3

[0040] As described in Example 1, except that 500 mL of ethylene glycol dimethyl ether was used instead of toluene.

[0041] Obtain 103g metallic sodium on the 2.0mm metal strainer (such as Figure 4 Shown), metal sodium purity 99.5%. The filter residue was 39.0 g, and about 0.8 g of sodium metal remained in the filter residue.

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Abstract

The invention relates to a separation and purification method for metallic sodium. The method comprises the following steps that sodium slag is placed in a liquid dispersion medium which has no chemical reaction with the metallic sodium, the temperature of the liquid dispersion medium is increased to be higher than the melting point of the metallic sodium, the temperature of the liquid dispersion medium is decreased to be lower than the boiling point of the metallic sodium after mechanical stirring, filtration is conducted with a filter screen, and metallic sodium particles are obtained after purification. By means of the method, the separation and purification efficiency of the metallic sodium is high, and the recovery rate of the metallic sodium from general sodium slag reaches 90%-98%. As for low-grade sodium slag only containing 20 wt% of the metallic sodium, the recovery rate of the metallic sodium can still reach 80%. By using the method, the troublesome, dangerous and low-value sodium slag in the electrolysis metallic sodium industry can be subjected to secondary development and high value treatment, so that the sodium slag is used to the greatest extent, and waste is turned into wealth.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical separation, and relates to a process for separating metallic sodium from a mixture composed of metallic sodium, metallic calcium, sodium oxide and calcium oxide. Background technique [0002] Sodium metal is usually prepared by electrolysis of sodium chloride in an electrolytic cell. Sodium chloride needs to be melted during electrolysis, and the melting point of sodium chloride is 801°C, which is technically difficult. Therefore, the industry adopts the eutectic of 40wt% sodium chloride and 60wt% calcium chloride (i.e. the mixture with the lowest melting point formed by two or more substances) with a melting temperature of about 580° C., which not only reduces The temperature required for electrolysis also reduces the vapor pressure of sodium. When the current passes through the molten salt, chlorine gas is released at the anode, and metal sodium and a small amount of metal calcium are reduced...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C22B7/04C22B26/10
CPCC22B7/04C22B26/10Y02P10/20
Inventor 李铭新樊曰伟鞠金龙王新玲杨象民程文学杨树仁孙华云
Owner 内蒙古默锐能源材料有限公司
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