The invention discloses a method for separating and preparing anti-tumor components ganoderic acid C1 and ganoderic acid F, which comprises the following steps: (1) primarily enriching and purifying the alcohol extract of lucid ganoderma by use of macroporous resin, and separating a ganoderic acid part with purity of 30-60% from the alcohol extract of lucid ganoderma; (2) separating the separated ganoderic acid part through high-speed counter-current chromatography to obtain ganoderic acid with relatively high purity, wherein a solvent system consists of petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, methanol and water at a volume ratio of 5:(3-7):(1-6):(4-9); the upper phase of the solvent is a stationary phase, and the lower phase is a mobile phase; a sample is dissolved with the lower phase solution and fed; the flow velocity of the stationary phase is 10-20mL/min, the flow velocity of the mobile phase is 1.5-3mL/min, and the rotation speed of the host is 600-1,000rpm; the separated object is collected by an automatic fraction collector, and one fraction is collected from every 4-10mL; (3) analyzing and detecting the components of the liquid collected by each test tube by high performance liquid chromatography, collecting, concentrating and drying according to different components, and separating to obtain ganoderic acid C1 and ganoderic acid F with purity up to 95%. The method has the characteristics of high efficiency, high speed, large separation quantity, high recovery rate, solvent saving and the like.