104results about How to "Increase the saturated adsorption capacity" patented technology

The invention discloses a soil improvement agent and improvement method of heavy metal lead-contaminated soil, relating to a soil improvement agent. The soil improvement agent is solid bamboo shoot shell-based biochar, and elements obtained by isolating oxygen at 400 DEG C and pyrolyzing for 30 minutes include C, H, N, K, P, Mg, Ca, Si and O. The soil improvement agent is prepared by the steps of cleaning, drying and grinding a bamboo shoot shell, and putting into a pyrolyzing furnace; isolating oxygen at 380-420 DEG C and pyrolyzing for 20-40 minutes; drying, pre-charring and charring the biomass bamboo shoot shell to obtain solid bamboo shoot shell-based biochar. The improvement method comprises the steps of adding 2.5-10% of the soil improvement agent by mass into the heavy metal lead-contaminated soil; adding water to 70% of the saturation moisture capacity of the field oil; covering with a film to prevent water loss; forming air ports in the film at an interval of 5cm; adding water every 2-3 days to supplement the lost water; culturing, taking out the product and performing air drying to obtain improved soil.

The invention discloses an antibacterial amidoxime-group seawater-extracted uranium absorbent and a preparation method thereof. A quaternary ammonium salt monomer and an acrylonitrile monomer are grafted to a natural fiber monomer with a graft polymerization method, hydroxylamination preparation is then performed, and the absorbent contains, by weight, 0.1-1.0mmol/g of a quaternary ammonium group and 0.2-7.5mmol/g of an amidoxime group. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the antibacterial seawater-extracted uranium absorbent. In preparation, raw materials including, by weight, 10 parts of a natural fiber material, 10-90 parts of acrylonitrile, 10-90 parts of vinyl quaternary ammonium salt, 1-5 parts of a redox-initiation-system oxidizing agent, 1-5 parts of a reducing agent, 10-30 parts of oxammonium hydrochloride and 300-600 parts of deionized water are involved, and the processing step includes grafting reaction under the redox initiation system and amidoximation reaction of graft products. The antibacterial amidoxime-group seawater-extracted uranium absorbent is rich in source of fiber based materials, natural renewable, low in price and low in preparation cost, and the antibacterial rate of the absorbing material on Escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus reaches over 95%; as compared with a conventional seawater-extracted uranium absorbent, the antibacterial amidoxime-group seawater-extracted uranium absorbent has the advantage that the adsorption of uranium ions by the obtained material is increased by about 25%.

The invention provides a preparation method and an application of Beta-cyclodextrin grafted carbon nano tube adsorbing material and belongs to the technical field of novel nano material and environmental protection. In order to solve the problem that the carbon nano tube is easy to aggregate and is poor in dispersivity, the invention adopts cheap and degradable amphipathic supramolecular Beta-cyclodextrin to synthesize Beta-cyclodextrin grafted carbon nano tube (CNTs-Beta-CD) composite efficient adsorbing material which has an excellent effect on removing heavy metal ions in waste water. The method has the advantages of simple preparation technology, mild conditions, no pollution, low cost, environment-friendliness, and high efficiency, and is suitable for industrial production and application.

The invention relates to preparation and application of a lignin or an aminolignin-modified magnetic nano-adsorbent. The magnetic nano-adsorbent is obtained by a one-step conversion of lignin and a raw material iron salt by a modified chemical coprecipitation method. The main method is to prepare surface-modified magnetic nanoparticles by dissolving lignin or amino-modified lignin in an alkaline precipitant and using the alkaline precipitant for coprecipitation. The synthesized magnetic nano-adsorbent has adsorption capacity for both anionic dyes and cationic dyes. Compared with other lignin-based adsorbents, the adsorption capacity is increased by about 2 to 5 times. At the same time, desorption can be achieved by adjusting of the pH, so that the adsorbent is recycled, and the dyes can berecovered. Lignin raw materials used in the adsorbent are industrial and agricultural waste materials, the materials are rich and low in price, the synthesis method is simple and efficient, and the adsorbent is economical and environmentally friendly, and has good application prospects.

The invention provides a preparation method of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent containing a phosphate group. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing a terminal alkenyl unsaturated phosphonic acid monomer; secondly, mixing acrylic acid, the unsaturated phosphonic acid monomer, a chain transferring agent and de-ionized water to prepare a mixed monomer solution; by taking an alkenyl polyoxyethylene ether macro-monomer solution as a base material, dropwise adding an initiator water solution and the mixed monomer solution respectively under a room-temperature polymerization condition; uniformly stirring, dropwise adding and reacting; and finally neutralizing with a sodium hydroxide solution to obtain the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent. According to the water reducing agent, the terminal alkenyl unsaturated phosphonic acid monomer is introduced into a structure and primary adsorption is facilitated; the initial dispersity is improved, and hydration and agglomeration of cement are delayed; the slump retaining property is effectively improved and the sensitivity to concrete is reduced; and the stress resistance and adaptability on different aggregate are enhanced.

The invention relates to a cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide modified walnut shell absorbent, and a preparation method and application thereof. The cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide modified walnut shell absorbent is prepared by the following steps: step one, preparing walnut shell powder; step two, preparing modified liquid; step three, modifying, namely dropwise adding the modified liquid prepared in the step two into the walnut shell powder prepared in the step one, warming, stirring, transferring reaction liquid to an ultrasonic reactor to react, filtering after the reaction is finished, obtaining a cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide modified walnut shell absorbent crude product, washing the crude product to be neutral by deionized water, drying to enable the product with constant weight, grinding, screening, and obtaining a finished product provided by the invention. The cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide modified walnut shell absorbent has excellent adsorption capacity on azo dye reactive brilliant red K-2BP, the saturation adsorption capacity can reach up to 203.5 mg/g which is 4 to 5 times of that of unmodified walnut shells, the raw material source is abundant, low in cost and easy to regenerate, and the preparation method is simple and feasible, and has a very wide application prospect in the field of printing and dyeing wastewater treatment.

The invention discloses a defluorination adsorbent, which is prepared by the following raw materials: general silicate cement, water and aluminum sulfate at the weight ratio from 5:15:3 to 5:15:4. The invention further discloses a preparation method for the defluorination adsorbent and an application of the defluorination adsorbent to treatment of fluorine ions in industrial wastewater. The defluorination adsorbent prepared by utilizing waste cement paste has the characteristics of being environment-friendly, harmless, low in cost, simple to prepare, high in fluorine adsorption capacity and high in defluorination rate; the preparation method is simple; the saturated adsorption capacity of the defluorination adsorbent on fluorine in water can reach up to 49.3 mg/g and is much higher than that of other adsorption materials; and the treated fluorine-containing industrial wastewater can meet the national comprehensive sewage emission standards.

The invention discloses a preparation method of supported ferric activated carbons as well as a condition and a device applying the supported ferric activated carbons to absorb methylbenzene. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing impregnation liquid: dissolving the weighed ferric salt into 0.1-10mol/L of acid solution, and preparing a mixed solution into the maceration extract at 20-80 DEG C; (2) impregnating active carbons: dipping the active carbons of which the granularity is 150-1700 [mu]m into the above impregnation liquid by adopting either an equivalent-volume impregnation method or an excessive impregnation method, wherein the mass ratio of the impregnated ferric elements and the active carbons is 0.025-0.35; (3) impregnating: placing the solution impregnated with the active carbons for 3-15 hours at room temperature; (4) drying: placing the impregnated active carbons into nitrogen at 150 DEG C to dry for 4-8 h, so as to obtain the supported ferric activated carbon. According to the preparation method of the supported ferric activated carbons provided by the invention, the metal element iron is impregnated to the active carbons to prepare the supported ferric activated carbons, therefore the absorption capacity of the active carbons can be improved, and the saturated adsorbing capacity of methylbenzene can be improved by 30-100%.

The invention provides a preparation method for flue gas mercury-removing active carbon. The preparation method comprises the following steps: step 1, removing a surface chemical group of a raw material: washing the particle active raw material with 10.wt%-30.wt% NaOH solution and drying the raw materials at 100-120 DEG C; step 2, immersing halide salt: mixing, immersing and agitating the raw material active carbon with an oxygen-containing group on the surface and a halide salt solution according to the mass ratio ranging from 1:1 to 1:5 for 4-12 hours; filtering and drying to obtain active carbon carrying the halide salt, wherein the concentration of the halide salt solution is 10wt.%-50wt.%; step 3, loading halogen: putting the active carbon carrying the halide salt into a U-shaped pipe to form a filling layer; inputting air with the halogen from the top of the filling layer at the speed of 100-500mL/min and keeping the heat for 1-10 hours at room temperature to obtain saturated halogen-loaded active carbon; and step 4, heating the saturated halogen-loaded active carbon at the temperature in a range of 80-120 DEG C to remove the volatile halogen to prepare the flue gas mercury-removing active carbon.

The invention discloses hollow structure biomass activated carbon fiber and a preparation method thereof. Metaplexis japonica seed hair fiber with a hollow structure is adopted as an activated carbonfiber precursor, and wax removal, phosphoric acid activation, low-temperature pre-oxidation and high-temperature carbonization are performed to prepare the hollow structure biomass activated carbon fiber with the high hollow structure; the prepared hollow structure biomass activated carbon fiber has the characteristics of light weight and double surfaces of an inner layer and an outer layer; compared with solid fiber, the specific surface area is significantly increased; by performance testing, the hollow structure biomass activated carbon fiber prepared with the method has the specific surface area which reaches up to 1,882.003 m<2>/cm<3> and the average pore diameter being 3.056 nm, and has developed mesoporous distribution; and an XRD result shows that a graphite-like microcrystalline refined structure appears in the biomass activated carbon fiber.

The invention relates to the field of sewage treatment and specifically relates to a quartz sand-modified sulfydryl-loaded material for removing mercury from sewage and a preparation method thereof. According to the technical scheme of the invention, the quartz sand-modified sulfydryl-loaded material for removing mercury from sewage is formed by compounding quartz sand and functional group sulfydryl; the quartz sand is modified with hydrochloric acid and ethanol solution, and then reacts with mercaptoacetic acid under the existence of cosolvents acetic anhydride and sulfuric acid, so as to load the functional group sulfydryl on the surface of quartz sand; the saturation adsorption capacity of the quartz sand-modified sulfydryl-loaded material for target pollutants is above 85%. The quartzsand-modified sulfydryl-loaded material provided by the invention is effective in reducing concentration of mercury in tail water of sewage plants and has a certain control function for pollution andharm of mercury-containing effluent, so as to relieve the harm of heavy metal mercury to humans, animals and plants.

The invention relates to an amidoxime modified silicon dioxide nano microsphere composite material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of materials. The preparation method of the amidoxime modified silicon dioxide nano microsphere composite material comprises the following processes: SiO2 microspheres to SiO2-NH2 to SiO2-BR to SiO2-PAN to SiO2-PAO. Compared with thetraditional method, the method for grafting acrylic acid onto silicon dioxide has mild reaction conditions, is insensitive to the oxygen content in the system, has complete reaction, and can achieve the purpose of controlling the grafting rate by controlling the amount of acrylonitrile. The amidoxime modified silicon dioxide nano microsphere composite material prepared by the invention has more adsorption sites, high saturation adsorption capacity and high efficiency of uranium adsorption.

The invention relates to the technical field of carbon aerogel, in particular to a preparation method of iron-nitrogen co-doped magnetic porous graphitized nano carbon aerogel. The preparation methodcomprises the following steps: (1) dissolving chitosan in an acetic acid solution, adding a trivalent iron salt solution, executing stirring until the reaction is completed to obtain a uniform and stable red-brown viscous transparent solution, and executing vacuum freeze drying to obtain chitosan-Fe<3+> chelate aerogel; (2) executing carbonization: obtaining a black aerogel carbonized sample; (3)executing activation: obtaining the iron-nitrogen co-doped magnetic porous graphitized nano carbon aerogel. The chelate formed by the nitrogen-containing high molecular material chitosan and ferric salt is used as a carbon source, a nitrogen source and an iron source to prepare the iron-nitrogen co-doped magnetic porous graphitized nano carbon aerogel, the iron-nitrogen co-doped magnetic porous graphitized nano carbon aerogel has large specific surface area and an ideal pore structure and can present good electrocatalytic oxygen reduction activity, electric double-layer super capacitance performance and organic dye adsorption performance by adjusting the iron content.

A process for preparing the extract from capejasmine fruit by use of membrane separation technique includes such steps as extracting in hydrophilic solvent to obtain coarse extract, adding water to become suspension, and membrane separation for removing protein, polyose and other macromolecular impurities.

The invention discloses a production method of ultra-black wool worsted fabric. According to the method, wool tops after wool mercerizing shrink-proof treatment are selected as raw materials, and theraw materials are successively subjected to dyeing, back washing, secondary dyeing, sliver mixing, carding, combing, re-combing, roving, spun yarns, cabling tube, yarn steaming, weaving, wet finishing, dry finishing and functional colour-increased finishing to prepare finished products. Wool and polyester fibers are all treated with secondary dyeing to increase the color thickness after dyeing, and auxiliaries are used for processing to increase blackness and color depth of the fabric; secondly, wool fibers and the polyester fibers are subjected to the back washing after top dyeing, secondarydyeing is conducted again, and dye-uptake of dye and the color depth are further increased; meanwhile warps and wefts of the fabric are made by the secondarily dyed wool which is treated with the re-combing and spinning later, so that the color depth and apparent depth of the black worsted fabric produced are greatly deepened; finally, an intensifier deep agent and a penetrating agent are used forfurther processing in a soft padding groove during a finishing process, thereby further improving the dyeing depth of the wool fabric.

The invention discloses an amidoxime-based super-crosslinked microporous resin efficient uranium adsorbent and a preparation method thereof, relates to an amidoxime-based super-crosslinked microporousresin uranium adsorbent and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems of low adsorption rate, saturated adsorption capacity and adsorption rate of the existing adsorption resin with amidoxime groups for extracting uranium. The preparation method comprises the following steps: synthesizing a polystyrene-divinylbenzene copolymer by taking styrene and divinylbenzene as raw materials, taking the polystyrene-divinylbenzene copolymer as a resin matrix, and carrying out chloromethylation, cyanation, super-crosslinking and amidoximation on the resin matrix at one time to obtain theadsorbent. The adsorbent integrates the advantages of an organic porous micro-material and the excellent adsorption capacity of amidoxime functional groups to uranium and has relatively high adsorption rate, saturated adsorption capacity, adsorption rate and uranium ion selectivity. The method is suitable for preparing the uranium adsorbent.

The invention discloses a molecularly imprinted silica gel polymer and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of synthesis of silica gel polymers. The method comprisesthe following steps: preparing a molecularly imprinted pre-polymerization solution from a functional monomer, a cross-linking agent, template molecules and a solvent, and adding the molecularly imprinted pre-polymerization solution into a reaction container; reacting the molecularly imprinted pre-polymerization solution in the reaction container under stirring or standing conditions at room temperature to obtain a polymer, centrifuging, washing and drying to obtain a silica gel polymer containing template molecules; and removing the template molecules in the silica gel polymer containing the template molecules by using an elution solution. According to the invention, a silanization reagent containing an amino functional group is used as a functional monomer, so that adverse effects of acidic and basic catalysts on molecular imprinting are eliminated, and the selectivity and adsorption capacity of the molecularly imprinted silica gel polymer can be remarkably improved. The reaction conditions are mild, and wastewater generated by using a catalyst is reduced, so that the production cost and the wastewater treatment cost are reduced, and the product can be used for extracting, enriching and separating target template molecules.

The invention provides a high-efficiency uranium adsorbent prepared from bentonite-grafted graphene oxide. A preparation method for the high-efficiency uranium adsorbent comprises the following steps: (1) preparation of a suspension of graphene oxide; (2) preparation of a suspension of bentonite; and (3) chemical assembling of bentonite and graphene oxide under the action of NaOH with chloropropylene oxide as a cross-linking agent and ammonium sulfate and sodium bisulfite as initiator. The preparation method is simple in process and low in cost; and the prepared adsorbent has high saturated uranium adsorption quantity, which is as high as 234.19 mg/g, and fast adsorption rate, wherein adsorption equilibrium can be reached within 10 min.

The invention discloses a preparation method of chromium-loaded active carbon as well as the condition and device of methylbenzene adsorption using the chromium-loaded active carbon. The preparation comprises the following steps: (1) preparing impregnating liquid, namely dissolving weighed chromium salt into acid solution of 0.1-10mol/L and preparing the impregnating liquid at the temperature of 20-80 DEG C; (2) impregnating the active carbon, namely by using an isovolumetric impregnating method or excessive impregnating method, impregnating the active carbon with the particle size being 150 microns-1700 microns in the prepared impregnating solution, wherein the mass ratio of the chromium to the active carbon is 0.03 to 0.3 after impregnating; (3) impregnating, namely placing the solution after the active carbon is impregnated at room temperature for 3-15 hours; and (4) drying, namely placing the impregnated active carbon in nitrogen of 150 DEG C for 4-8 hours, so as to obtain the chromium-loaded active carbon. According to the preparation method, the metal chromium element is impregnated on the active carbon to prepare the chromium-loaded active carbon; the adsorption capability of the active carbon is improved and the saturated adsorption of the active carbon to methylbenzene can be increased by 20-110%.

The invention relates to a method for preparing livestock wastewater adsorbent from acid modified kaolin, comprising the following steps: screening of natural kaolin: weighing different kaolin mineral materials into a centrifuge tube, and adding phosphorus-containing concentration simulation wastewater under the condition of constant temperature; oscillating and standing, carrying out centrifugal separation on a supernatant, measuring content of phosphorus, calculating phosphorus adsorption quantity according to change of concentration, and screening kaolin with high phosphorus adsorption capacity; and preparation of acid modified kaolin: adding a hydrochloric acid solution into the kaolin, stirring at constant temperature, cooling and centrifuging, washing solid sediments with distilled water until there is no Cl<->, drying, and sieving to obtain an acid modified kaolin sample. Phosphorus saturation adsorption of the acid modified kaolin is greatly enhanced. It is found through researches that 9% acid modified kaolin has the best phosphorus adsorption performance. Adsorbing capacity of the kaolin in the invention is increased by 44.6% in comparison with adsorbing capacity of natural kaolin, and removal rate is 81.9%.