Antibacterial amidoxime-group seawater-extracted uranium absorbent and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an antibacterial amidoxime-group seawater-extracted uranium absorbent and a preparation method thereof. A quaternary ammonium salt monomer and an acrylonitrile monomer are grafted to a natural fiber monomer with a graft polymerization method, hydroxylamination preparation is then performed, and the absorbent contains, by weight, 0.1-1.0mmol/g of a quaternary ammonium group and 0.2-7.5mmol/g of an amidoxime group. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the antibacterial seawater-extracted uranium absorbent. In preparation, raw materials including, by weight, 10 parts of a natural fiber material, 10-90 parts of acrylonitrile, 10-90 parts of vinyl quaternary ammonium salt, 1-5 parts of a redox-initiation-system oxidizing agent, 1-5 parts of a reducing agent, 10-30 parts of oxammonium hydrochloride and 300-600 parts of deionized water are involved, and the processing step includes grafting reaction under the redox initiation system and amidoximation reaction of graft products. The antibacterial amidoxime-group seawater-extracted uranium absorbent is rich in source of fiber based materials, natural renewable, low in price and low in preparation cost, and the antibacterial rate of the absorbing material on Escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus reaches over 95%; as compared with a conventional seawater-extracted uranium absorbent, the antibacterial amidoxime-group seawater-extracted uranium absorbent has the advantage that the adsorption of uranium ions by the obtained material is increased by about 25%.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of functional materials, and in particular relates to an antibacterial amidoxime-based seawater uranium extraction adsorption material and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] With the continuous consumption of traditional energy represented by oil and coal on the earth, the earth's resources are in a state of scarcity. At the same time, the development of traditional energy has brought a great impact on the ecological environment. Therefore, it is urgent to develop clean energy represented by nuclear energy. . "Nuclear Power Medium and Long-Term Development Plan (2011-2020)" pointed out that by 2020, my country's annual demand for natural uranium will be about 5,800-8,800 tons, but my country's uranium resources only account for 2% of the world's resource distribution. [Xie Siyuan. Electrospinning method to prepare nanofiber adsorption materials for seawater uranium extraction and it...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

It has been found that the amidoxime group has high adsorption and specific adsorption for the adsorption of uranium in seawater, but due to the complexity of the marine environment, in addition to the electrolyte, the adhesion and erosion of marine microorganisms on the adsorbent are very serious, affecting Adsorption effect

First of all, the marine microorganisms contained in seawater will attach to the adsorption material and breed on the adsorption material, which will affect the full contact between the material and seawater, promote the decomposition of functional groups, and even damage the matrix material, thereby reducing the uranium extraction effect of the material and making the The material is difficult to reuse for a long time

Secondly, most of the current adsorbents for extracting uranium from seawater are organic polymer materials. These materials are easily eroded by microorganisms and gradually degrade to reduce their mechanical properties, which seriously affects the repeated use of adsorbent materials.

In addition, the growth of microorganisms on the adsorption material will increase the workload of later material elution and adsorption