32results about How to "Improve water and fertilizer retention capacity" patented technology

The invention discloses a soil improvement agent and improvement method of heavy metal lead-contaminated soil, relating to a soil improvement agent. The soil improvement agent is solid bamboo shoot shell-based biochar, and elements obtained by isolating oxygen at 400 DEG C and pyrolyzing for 30 minutes include C, H, N, K, P, Mg, Ca, Si and O. The soil improvement agent is prepared by the steps of cleaning, drying and grinding a bamboo shoot shell, and putting into a pyrolyzing furnace; isolating oxygen at 380-420 DEG C and pyrolyzing for 20-40 minutes; drying, pre-charring and charring the biomass bamboo shoot shell to obtain solid bamboo shoot shell-based biochar. The improvement method comprises the steps of adding 2.5-10% of the soil improvement agent by mass into the heavy metal lead-contaminated soil; adding water to 70% of the saturation moisture capacity of the field oil; covering with a film to prevent water loss; forming air ports in the film at an interval of 5cm; adding water every 2-3 days to supplement the lost water; culturing, taking out the product and performing air drying to obtain improved soil.

The invention provides an ionic rare earth mine tailing land improver, and a method for improving an ionic rare earth mine tailing land by utilizing the improver and reaching the purpose of vegetation reclamation by planting pennisetumpureum or hibiscus cannabinus. The improver comprises organic wastes of livestock manure or sludge and saw dust or straw biochar. With adoption of the method, the obstruction factors of vegetation reclamation such as low soil moisture and fertility preservation capacity, extremely low organic matter content and nutrient shortage caused by poor physical structure such as low soil clay content of the ionic rare earth mine tailing land, high content of sand grains with diameter greater than 5mm and high volume weight are effectively improved, and the vegetation reclamation of the ionic rare earth mine tailing land is realized; moreover, the improvement effect is lasting, the soil moisture and fertility preservation capacity is high, and the vegetation growth is good. According to the method, the soil of the tailing land can be improved, the pollution is controlled, and the ecological environment is protected; meanwhile, the common organic wastes are utilized as the improver, cyclic utilization of the wastes is realized, pennisetumpureum or hibiscus cannabinus is planted, and great economic values are obtained.

Belonging to the technical field of contaminated soil remediation, the invention particularly relates to an improvement method of extremely acidified mine soil. The method utilizes an improving agentand a microbial agent to change the microbial community structure of soil, especially reduce the relative abundance of iron-sulfur oxidation acid production microorganisms and inhibit metal sulfide from oxidizing and producing acid. The improving agent can be utilized for adsorption, chelation, complexing and immobilization of heavy metal ions and reduction of the biological toxicity, thus reducing the diffusion and leakage of heavy metal ions to surrounding soil or water. The improvement method provided by the invention has the advantages of low investment cost, good acidification control andheavy metal stabilization effect, substantial increase of nutrient content, no destruction of the soil structure, and easy implementation.

The invention specifically relates to the technical field of a saline alkali soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof. The saline alkali soil conditioner provided by the invention is prepared by mixing the following raw materials according to a certain ratio: bentonite, humic acid, gypsum, sulfur powder, chitosan, zinc sulfate and sodium naphthaleneacetate. After acting on soil of saline alkali land, the saline alkali soil conditioner can obviously reduce the soil acidity or alkalinity, total salt content and volume weight, thus accelerating the formation of soil aggregates; the soil organic matter content can be greatly increased to improve the soil fertility and regulate crop growth; and finally, by improving the physicochemical property of the soil, the investment is reduced, and the yield and quality of crops are improved. Besides, the preparation method of the saline alkali soil conditioner is simple, environment-friendly and easy to operate.

The invention provides a method for restoring tailings pond through cooperation of Cassia alata and charcoal, and belongs to the technical field of mining wasteland ecological restoration. The methodcomprises the steps that 1, charcoal is added in tailings pond soil to prepare mixed tailings soil for balance; and 2, Cassia alata plants are planted in the mixed tailings soil. The Cassia alata andthe charcoal are cooperated to for tailings reclamation, charcoal is comprehensively utilized for improving the tailings matrix and reducing the toxic effect of heavy metal on plants, the biological nitrogen fixation effect of the Cassia alata is achieved, adverse effects of tailings acid, toxicity and barren on plant reclamation are relieved, improvement of physical and chemical properties of soil is promoted, and the tailings restoring cost is reduced.

The invention relates to an organic fertilizer fermentation method which comprises the following steps: (1) treating raw materials, namely pulverizing after drying collected straws to obtain straw powder; drying collected excrements of livestock to obtain dry excrements; pulverizing collected traditional Chinese medicines to obtain traditional Chinese medicine dregs; (2) mixing and blending the materials; (3) fermenting, namely fermenting for two days, then turning three times continuously until the fermentation is sufficient and uniform; and (4) completing fermentation, namely changing the color of the material to be black brown, decreasing the volume, enabling the material to be fluffy without bad smell, and forming hyphae on the surface. The organic fertilizer fermentation method provided by the invention has the advantages that the produced organic fertilizer is applied to soil, and can provide nutrient substances necessary for growth of crops, the fertilizer efficiency can be fully played, the soil is improved, and the water and nutrient preserving capability of the soil is improved.

The high-strength utilization mode of the land in China accelerates the deterioration of a soil function, and soil pollution is very serious due to excessive application of chemical fertilizer and agricultural products. The crop yield declining and food safety incidents caused by soil degradation and soil pollution take place frequently and cause serious threats to people's health. The developmentof an eco-friendly, cheap and high-efficiency soil conditioner for improving soil fertility and reducing soil pollution is extremely urgent. The invention discloses a preparation method of a multifunctional soil improving agent. The preparation method comprises mixing waste biomass and a certain amount of attapulgite and modifying the mixture under specific conditions to obtain the multifunctional soil improving agent. The preparation method has simple processes. The multifunctional soil improving agent is renewable and eco-friendly, realizes a low cost, is rich in nutrients such as trace elements necessary for crop growth and can be used as organic fertilizer and a contaminated soil repairing agent.

The invention belongs to the crops plantation technical field, and specifically discloses a sweet potato plantation method comprising the following steps: 1, soil working: deep ploughing and applying a base fertilizer; 2, ridging: forming a trench on the ridge top; 3, seedling growing and selecting; 4, planting; 5, applying fertilizers; 6, disease control. The base fertilizer is formed by potassium metasilicate, domestic fungus bacterium slag, rice bran, modification vermiculite powder and microbe bacterium manure according to certain weight parts; a foliar fertilizer is formed by caproic acid diethylaminoethanol ester, methylene succinic acid, animal amino acid and a trace element fertilizer according to certain weight parts. The method starts from fertilization management, the base fertilizer and the foliar fertilizer are matched in usage, thus allowing fertilizer nutrient release time and intensity to match with the crops nutrient absorption rules, improving the base fertilizer and foliar fertilizer utilization rate, and further improving the sweet potato yield; in addition, the base fertilizer also contains soil purifying ingredients, thus improving the potato quality safety.

The invention provides a culture substrate for strawberry. The culture substrate comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 to 50 parts of river sludge, 15 to 25 parts of straw powder, 1 to 3 parts of urea, 8 to 10 parts of yeast residue, 1 to 2 parts of mineral ash powder, 5 to 10 parts of a porous material and 3 to 5 parts of a compound fertilizer. The culture substrate for the strawberry is prepared by mixing the river sludge, the urea, the yeast residue, the mineral ash powder, the porous material and fermented straw. The culture substrate for the strawberry provided by the invention has the following advantages: the straw contains rich trace elements after fermented and decomposed, and has high contents of organic matters and nutrients, so the nutrients are provided for the growth of the strawberry; the yeast residue contains biological active matters like amino acid and saccharides, and facilitates to improving substrate structure; and the decomposition of the mineral ash powder increases the content of trace elements in the substrate, and facilitates to promoting photosynthesis of the strawberry, so the quality of the strawberry is improved. The culture substrate for the strawberry provided by the invention has abundant nutrients, rich trace elements and strong water-retention and nutrient-preserving capabilities, and can be extensively applied in cultivation of the strawberry.

The invention belongs to the field of fertilizer processing, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a soil conditioner based on garden green waste and livestock and poultry manure, which comprises the following steps: adding dried and crushed livestock and poultry manure, aerobic fermentation biological bacteria, starch and water into crushed and screened green waste, and fully and uniformly mixing; conveying the uniformly mixed materials to a fermentation field, and carrying out aerobic fermentation; after fermentation, drying in the sun to obtain secondary fine powder; taking 50-100 parts by weight of the secondary fine powder product, 1-3 parts by weight of urea, 1-2 parts by weight of a calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 1-2 parts by weight of potassium chloride and 4-10 parts by weight of a water-retaining agent, and fully and uniformly mixing through mixing equipment, and obtaining the soil conditioner. By adding the exogenous additive, the composting process is promoted, the quality of a compost product is improved, the compost product is converted into a soil conditioner product to be applied to the field of soil improvement, and finally a circular economy closed loop is formed; the mode is low in one-time investment and low in production condition requirement; and the product has obvious effects on improving the soil structure and improving the water-retaining and fertilizer-retaining capabilities of the soil.

As economy grows and food safety incidents caused by soil contamination occur frequently, demand for culture substrates required by production of pollution-free green vegetables is increased day by day. At present, a soilless culture substrate mainly uses non-renewable resources such as vermiculite and perlite, so that development of a potential renewable culture substrate is particularly important; and untimely or improper processing of a large amount of waste biomass (livestock and poultry manure, straw and the like) in China causes serious environmental pollution. The process obtains the soilless culture substrate by mixing the waste biomass and a certain amount of quicklime, performing hydrothermal treatment under specific conditions, and performing solid-liquid centrifugation. The process provided by the invention adopts the waste biomass to prepare the soilless culture substrate, the preparation process is simple, and the costs are low; and the substrate is not only rich in nutrients such as microelements necessary for crop growth, but also can improve utilization efficiency of fertilizers by crops.

The invention discloses a planting method for increasing the content of tea polyphenol in tea. The planting method comprises the following steps of step 1, selecting high-quality, high-output and stress-resistance variety, planting in a double-line and strip-planting type, setting the line distance to 1.3 to 1.5m, digging a pit with depth of 25 to 35cm before planting, applying a base fertilizer into the pit according to the amount of 150 to 170kg per mou, applying a water-doped sterilizing liquid into each pit according to the amount of 1.1 to 1.3kg, and planting. The planting method for increasing the content of tea polyphenol in the tea has the advantages that the output of the tea is increased, the content of the tea polyphenol is also increased, and the higher use value and good application prospect are realized.

The invention discloses a method for improving low-organic-matter soil, and belongs to the technical field of soil improvement. The method comprises the steps of mixing low-organic-matter soil of which the organic matter content is lower than 1% with domestic garbage landfill percolate which is smaller than 0.1 in the ratio of biochemical oxygen demand to chemical oxygen demand, in the mass ratioof the low-organic-matter soil to the domestic garbage landfill percolate being (2.5-5.3) to 1, spreading and placing mixed soil under aerobiotic condition, continuously replenishing percolate to themixed soil along with reduction of moisture in the mixed soil so as to always maintain the water ratio in the mixed soil unchanged, and when the organic matter content of organic matter soil in the mixed soil is greater than 3%, stopping replenishing the percolate. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the domestic garbage landfill percolate and the low-organic-matter soil are stablycombined under the aerobiotic condition, the operation is simple and convenient, resource utilization of the domestic garbage landfill percolate can be realized, improvement cost of the low-organic-matter soil and the treating quantity of the garbage percolate are reduced, the capacity of the low-organic-matter soil for preserving moisture and fertility and the nutrient content of the low-organic-matter soil can be increased, and effective improvement of the low-organic-matter soil can be realized.

The invention discloses a composite agricultural fertilizer prepared from, by weight, 50-60 parts of rot and clinkered plant, 20-25 parts of livestock feces, 25-28 parts of urea, 20-30 parts of calcium superphosphate, 6-10 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 8-10 parts of soil adjustment microbe inoculant and 1-3 parts of yeast. The rot and clinkered plant and livestock feces in the composite agricultural fertilizer comprise rich organic substance decomposed and transformed by yeast and absorbed by plant to improve soil fertilization environment, enhance capacity of water and fertilizer preservation and increase organic substance in soil.

The invention provides a stabilizing material for remediation of soil contaminated by heavy metals and a preparation method thereof. The stabilizing material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-90 parts of bagasse, 5-8 parts of expanded graphite, 15-26 parts of fly ash, 3-7 parts of bentonite, 3-6 parts of humic acid and 1.5-3 parts of a natural polymeric flocculant. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) crushing and sieving bagasse to obtain bagasse powder, and putting the bagasse powder into a carbonization furnace to prepare semi-carbonized bagasse powder; and (2) uniformly mixing the semi-carbonized bagasse powder, expanded graphite, fly ash, bentonite, humic acid and the natural polymer flocculant in a stirring tank to obtain the stabilizing material. According to the invention, the bagasse is used as a main raw material, so the waste can be turned into the valuable; and the bagasse is matched with other substances, so the prepared stabilizing material has a very good remediation effect on soil contaminated by heavy metals, effectively reduces the leaching concentration of heavy metals in the soil, and effectively improves the physicochemical properties of soil and a micro-ecological environment.

The invention determines a novel process for preparing an environment-friendly soil conditioner from gelatin solid waste serving as a raw material according to the current domestic situation of low soil fertility, serious soil functional decline and serious pollution and large quantity of solid waste (gelatin solid waste) generated in a gelatin production process. The gelatin solid waste is carbonized under specific conditions or co-treated with other waste biomass to prepare the soil conditioner. By adoption of the gelatin solid waste for preparing the soil conditioner, harmless recycling ofthe gelatin solid waste and soil ecological functional promotion are both realized. In addition, the soil conditioner prepared according to the method has advantages of greenness, environmental friendliness, low cost and the like.

The invention discloses an organic fertilizer for tea. The organic fertilizer for tea is composed of the following components in parts by mass: 40-50 parts of poultry/livestock manure, 25-30 parts of straw, 5-10 parts of urea, 3-5 parts of calcium superphosphate, 0.5-2 parts of potassium sulfate, 1-2 parts of minor element and 6-8 parts of biological bacterium. The poultry/livestock manure and straws contain abundant organic matters; and the organic matters can be absorbed by the crops after being decomposed and converted by the biological bacterium. The organic fertilizer for tea is capable of improving the fertilizer supply environment of soil, enhancing the moisture and fertility retention capacities and increasing the soil organic matters.

The invention discloses a method for leaching weathering crust elution-type rare earths by using waste extraction liquid, which comprises the following steps: 1) Preparation of leaching agent: after washing fruit and vegetable wastes, they are crushed, and then the crushed fruits and vegetables are discarded The material is placed in water, and at a set temperature, ultrasonic extraction is carried out. After the extraction is completed, it is filtered, and the filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain a leaching agent; Then add the leaching agent prepared in step 1) according to a certain mass-volume ratio to carry out leaching, and after leaching, rinse with an aqueous solution to obtain a leach solution containing rare earth ions. The fruit and vegetable waste extract selected in the present invention can efficiently leach ionic rare earth ore, and using the fruit and vegetable waste extract as a weathering crust leaching type rare earth leaching agent can promote the formation of soil aggregate structure in mining areas, reduce soil bulk density, and enhance soil water holding capacity.