Method for preparing soilless culture substrate from waste biomass
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A technology for soilless culture substrate and waste biomass, which is applied in the directions of botanical equipment and methods, planting substrate, culture medium, etc. Environmentally friendly effect
Inactive Publication Date: 2018-07-24
RES CENT FOR ECO ENVIRONMENTAL SCI THE CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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Problems solved by technology
At present, non-renewable resources such as vermiculite and perlite are mainly used as cultivation substrates. With the increasing application of soilless cultivation technology in agricultural production, the use of vermiculite, perlite and other substrates is gradually increasing, resulting in a shortage of substrates. , seriously restricting the sustainable development of agriculture, so it is particularly important to look for potential renewable cultivation substrates
[0004] At the same time, a large amount of livestock and poultry manure produced by intensive farms is discarded at will, and a large number of crop straws are burned. The untimely or incorrect treatment of these waste biomass has caused serious environmental pollution.
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Embodiment 1
[0022] 1. Material preparation
[0023] Crush the waste biomass such as tomato stalks, branches and leaves to less than 5mm, and set aside. The test tray is a 32-hole tray, of which the hole depth is 59mm, the upper diameter is 54x54mm, and the lower diameter is 26x26mm. The laboratory cuts the tray from the middle and uses it as two trays. The nutrient solution adopts the universal formula of Hoagland Amon. Vermiculite, a common soilless cultivation substrate, was purchased from the market as a research comparison.
[0024] 2. Preparation of Soilless Culture Substrate
[0025] 1) Mix waste biomass such as tomato stalks, branches and leaves (the tomato variety is improved wool powder 802, on a dry basis), quicklime, and water in a ratio of 4:1:20, then mechanically stir for 30 minutes;
[0026] 2) After the mixture is transferred to the hydrothermal reaction kettle, seal it;
[0027] 3) Heat the reactor to 220°C for hydrothermal treatment, stop heating after 40 minutes of ...
Embodiment 2
[0039] Except that pig manure and corn stover (10:1 dry weight ratio of corn stover and pig manure) were used instead of tomato plantation waste biomass.
[0040] 3) In the preparation of soilless culture medium, the reaction kettle was heated to 240° C. for hydrothermal treatment, and the hydrothermal treatment time was the same as in Example 1 except that the hydrothermal treatment time was 60 minutes.
[0041] Rapeseed (variety April slow) was used instead of tomato in the study of the influence of substrate on crop growth.
[0042] The results are shown in Tables 1 and 3.
[0043] Table 1. Effects of different soilless culture substrates on tomato and rape seedling emergence.
[0044]
[0045]
[0046] Table 2. Effects of different soilless culture substrates on tomato growth.
[0047]
[0048] Table 3. Effects of different soilless culture substrates on the growth of rapeseed.
[0049]
[0050] As can be seen from Table 1, the soilless culture substrate prepa...
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Abstract
As economy grows and food safety incidents caused by soil contamination occur frequently, demand for culture substrates required by production of pollution-free green vegetables is increased day by day. At present, a soilless culture substrate mainly uses non-renewable resources such as vermiculite and perlite, so that development of a potential renewable culture substrate is particularly important; and untimely or improper processing of a large amount of waste biomass (livestock and poultry manure, straw and the like) in China causes serious environmental pollution. The process obtains the soilless culture substrate by mixing the waste biomass and a certain amount of quicklime, performing hydrothermal treatment under specific conditions, and performing solid-liquid centrifugation. The process provided by the invention adopts the waste biomass to prepare the soilless culture substrate, the preparation process is simple, and the costs are low; and the substrate is not only rich in nutrients such as microelements necessary for crop growth, but also can improve utilization efficiency of fertilizers by crops.
Description
technical field [0001] The invention relates to the treatment and disposal of waste biomass, which belongs to the new technology of resource utilization of solid waste in the field of environmental protection and comprehensive utilization of resources, and is especially suitable for the resource utilization of high value-added waste biomass such as straws and manure of livestock and poultry in large quantities. Background technique [0002] Substrate cultivation is a cultivation technique that achieves high yield by cultivating crops using a solid substrate plus a nutrient solution without using soil. As an advanced agricultural technology, substrate cultivation has now become a reliable production method for pollution-free green vegetables. It has the advantages of high controllability, high fertilizer utilization rate, avoiding soil-borne diseases and insect pests and continuous cropping obstacles, and saving water. At the same time, mechanism cultivation is also convenien...
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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): A01G24/10
Inventor 刘振刚焦文涛
Owner RES CENT FOR ECO ENVIRONMENTAL SCI THE CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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