Controllable heat pipe-based 4K thermal coupling regenerative low-temperature refrigerator and refrigerating method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a controllable heat pipe-based 4K thermal coupling regenerative low-temperature refrigerator and a refrigerating method thereof. The low-temperature refrigerator comprises a compressor, multiple stages of regenerative low-temperature refrigerators and heat bridges, wherein the heat bridges are used for connecting the multiple stages of regenerative low-temperature refrigerators; controllable heat pipes are adopted to replace conventional material copper as the heat bridges. The controllable heat pipes transfer heat by means of the gas and liquid phase change of a working medium fluid; the heat resistance is quite low; the heat conductivity coefficients of the controllable heat pipes under unit mass are several orders of magnitudes more than the heat conductivity coefficient of the copper; the controllable heat pipes are filled with inert gas; the heat resistances of condensation sections of the controllable heat pipes decrease along with the increment of the density of a heat flow; therefore, the working temperatures of the heat pipes only change slightly; compared with the copper, the controllable heat pipes have the advantages of light weight, small size and the like, and are particularly applicable to the fields of spaces, military affairs and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a refrigerator, in particular to a 4K heat-coupled regenerative low-temperature refrigerator based on a controllable heat pipe and a refrigeration method thereof. Background technique [0002] With the continuous development of science and technology, due to the advantages of high reliability, long life, high efficiency, simple control, etc. more and more widely used. [0003] Multi-stage regenerative cryogenic refrigerators can be divided into thermal coupling and gas coupling according to the coupling mode. The thermally coupled structure is that the high-temperature regenerator precools the low-temperature regenerator through a thermal bridge. Compared with gas coupling, thermal coupling generally uses multiple compressors to drive separately, and there is no distribution problem of working fluid mass flow between stages, which is convenient for experiment and theoretical analysis; the optimal operating frequency and infla...

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Problems solved by technology

There are many problems when copper is used as a thermal bridge: in order to enhance the heat transfer capacity, traditional thermal bridges generally use solid copper tubes, but copper has a high density and a large mass, which is not conducive to reducing the load of the refrigerator; copper has high thermal resistance and heat transfer The temperature difference is large, and as the heat flux density (pre-cooling capacity) in the heat bridge increases, the heat transfer temperature difference increases, and the irreversible heat loss of the regenerator increases, which is not conducive to improving the cooling efficiency and reducing the no-load cooling temperature, especially for 20K In the temperature zone, the increase of the heat transfer temperature difference will lead to a sharp increase in the irreversible heat transfer loss of the regenerator

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