Reverse-flow type rapid extraction device for sediment organic matter

Abstract

The invention discloses a reverse-flow type rapid extraction device for sediment organic matter and belongs to the field of environmental studies. The device comprises a sample treatment system (two round-bottom flasks containing a sediment sample and an organic extraction solvent respectively), a reverse-flow collecting system and a condensation reverse-flow system. The sediment sample, an ultrapure water mixture and the organic extraction solvent in the round-bottom flasks are heated respectively, the organic extraction solvent and target objects ascend to a condenser pipe at the upper end from a glass reverse-flow pipe in a gas state and a flow guiding mode, the organic extraction solvent extracts the target organic contaminants in a gas phase state, the target organic contaminants are condensed under the action of circulating cooling water and fall back into the reverse-flow collecting system, and due to the density difference between the organic extraction solvent and a water phase, an effective laying is obtained. The water phase and the organic phase return into the round-bottom flasks through return-flow catheters with different oblique angles, over and over again, the target organic contaminants are constantly extracted through the pure solvent, and the target organic contaminant is collected in the reverse-flow system. After extraction is completed, the organic phase containing the target objects is discharged through a liquid separating switch, components are collected, and therefore the target organic contaminants in the sediment sample are effectively extracted.

Description

Technical field: [0001] The invention belongs to the field of environmental research, and relates to a sediment organic matter pretreatment device, in particular to a device for rapidly and effectively extracting the organic matter in the sediment. Background technique: [0002] Organic pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), etc., most of which have environmental persistence and obvious acute and chronic toxicity, are harmful to the entire water environment, ecological groups and even human beings. Health can be significantly affected. Organic pollutants that enter the water environment with industrial wastewater, domestic sewage, farmland runoff, and atmospheric dry and wet deposition, except for a small part dissolved in water, most of the organic pollutants are adsorbed on suspended particles, and finally enriched under the action of gravity sedimentation, etc. Into the sediment, the...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

For example, the Soxhlet extraction method takes a long time, and the extraction process consumes a large amount of organic extraction reagents, resulting in a large amount of waste liquid, resulting in high pre-treatment costs and new environmental pollution; ultrasonic extraction needs to remove the extraction reagents and particles after the extraction is completed. Effective separation, affecting extraction time and extraction efficiency

Accelerated solvent extraction equipment is relatively expensive, and the operation of the equipment is relatively complicated; after the temperature drops at the end of the microwave extraction, some target substances will be re-adsorbed on the solid surface, thereby affecting the recovery rate of the target substance; the high-pressure operation of supercritical fluid extraction requires equipment Higher, and suitable for a narrow range of target concentration

During the extraction of these current extraction techniques, the sediment sample and the organic extraction solvent are mostly in solid-liquid, liquid-liquid two-phase contact, the contact area is relatively small, and the extraction efficiency and target recovery rate are relatively low.

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