Mechanical grate waste gasification incineration system and dovetail fly ash collection device

Abstract

The invention discloses a mechanical grate type garbage gasifying and incinerating system and a dovetail-shaped fly ash collecting device. A cavity of the dovetail-shaped fly ash collecting device comprises a combustion channel, a fly ash settling chamber, a conical slag outlet, an upper annular smoke channel, an annular draught flue and a lower annular smoke channel, wherein the upper annular smoke channel, the annular draught flue and the lower annular smoke channel surround the combustion channel; the ventilating area of the lower annular smoke channel is gradually reduced from bottom to top; the ventilating area of the upper annular smoke channel is gradually reduced from top to bottom; a tangential smoke outlet is formed in a side wall of the fly ash collecting device and communicates with the annular draught flue; a cyclone combustion chamber inlet is formed in the middle of the side wall of the combustion channel in the tangential direction; and a plurality of combustion-supporting air supply openings are formed in the side wall of the combustion channel. The garbage gasifying and combusting fly ash collecting device has quite high fly ash collecting efficiency and combustion efficiency and relatively high heat recycling efficiency; controlled combustion and controlled collection can be realized; heat loss is reduced; and emission of pollutants can be reduced effectively.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste incineration treatment, and in particular relates to a mechanical grate type garbage gasification incineration system and a dovetail fly ash collection device. Background technique [0002] The existing waste treatment technologies mainly include incineration, sanitary landfill, composting, and waste recycling. Among the conventional waste treatment technologies, incineration has the advantages of obvious reduction effect, complete harmlessness, small land occupation, utilization of waste heat energy, and less secondary pollution, which meets the strategic requirements of my country's sustainable development. However, with the continuous improvement of environmental protection requirements at home and abroad, how to strengthen the control of secondary pollution is particularly important. Therefore, waste pyrolysis and gasification incineration technology is gradually pushed to the road of ind...

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Problems solved by technology

[0007] 2. With the increasing amount of garbage generated and piled up like mountains, the amount of garbage treatment must be effectively increased in order to meet market demand

Existing waste heat treatment technologies usually use boilers to generate steam and push it to steam turbines for power generation. The entire conversion heat efficiency loss is relatively large. If the same amount of waste is processed, heat loss can be relatively reduced and heat exchange efficiency can be improved.

[0010] 5. In the existing waste incineration methods and boiler applications, there is little or no high-temperature dust removal, and some of them are not efficient enough. There are fewer high-efficiency dust removal and combustion. Boilers are prone to ash accumulation, which reduces heat conversion efficiency and power generation. , short maintenance period, etc.

[0011] Existing incinerators such as the following two invention patents: multi-column segmental drive compound domestic waste incinerator (ZL200710092508.9) and unsolved problems in two-stage waste incinerator (ZL201010268376.2): ​​comparison of heat treatment modes of waste Backward, it is only the process of drying-burning-burning, solid combustion to release heat; the thermochemical reaction in the furnace is dominated by oxidation reaction, supplemented by reduction reaction, which is easy to produce secondary pollutants; when garbage is burned in the furnace, the peroxygen coefficient is large, The primary air and secondary air supply a large amount, and the dust content in the flue gas is relatively high, which has a great impact on the heat energy recovery system and the flue gas treatment system. It is easy to accumulate dust, and the amount of flue gas is large, which reduces the heat conversion efficiency; The installed gasification furnace and ember furnace can only process garbage in batches, and it is impossible to realize large-scale continuous gasification and incineration of garbage, and the amount of garbage to be treated is small

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