Mechanical grate type waste gasification incineration system and inverted cone type inner cavity combustion chamber

Abstract

The invention discloses a mechanical grate type garbage gasifying and incinerating system and a combustion chamber with an inverted-cone-shaped cavity. The cavity of the combustion chamber with the inverted-cone-shaped cavity comprises a combustion channel, a conical channel, a fly ash settling chamber, a conical slag outlet, an annular smoke channel and an annular draught flue, wherein the combustion channel, the conical channel, the fly ash settling chamber and the conical slag outlet are successively arranged from top to bottom; the annular smoke channel and the annular draught flue surround the conical channel; the top of the conical channel is small while the bottom of the conical channel is large; the diameter of the fly ash settling chamber is greater than that of the lower end of the conical channel; the annular smoke channel is conical; the top of the annular smoke channel is small while the bottom of the annular smoke channel is large; the lower end of the annular smoke channel communicates with the fly ash settling chamber; the lower end of the annular draught flue communicates with the upper end of the annular smoke channel; and the top of the conical slag outlet is large while the bottom of the conical slag outlet is small. The combustion chamber with the inverted-cone-shaped cavity has relatively high dust removal efficiency and combustion efficiency and relatively high heat recycling efficiency; controlled combustion and controlled collection can be realized; heat loss is reduced; and emission of pollutants can be reduced effectively.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste incineration treatment, and in particular relates to a mechanical grate type garbage gasification incineration system and an inverted cone type inner cavity combustion chamber. Background technique [0002] The existing waste treatment technologies mainly include incineration, sanitary landfill, composting, and waste recycling. Among the conventional technologies for waste treatment, incineration treatment has the advantages of obvious reduction effect, thorough harmlessness, small land occupation, waste heat energy utilization, and less secondary pollution, which is in line with the strategic requirements of my country's sustainable development. However, with the continuous improvement of environmental protection requirements at home and abroad, how to strengthen the control of secondary pollution is particularly important. Therefore, waste pyrolysis, gasification and incineration technology has ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0007] 2. With the increasing amount of garbage generated and piled up like mountains, the amount of garbage treatment must be effectively increased in order to meet market demand

Existing waste heat treatment technologies usually use boilers to generate steam and push it to steam turbines for power generation. The entire conversion heat efficiency loss is relatively large. If the same amount of waste is processed, heat loss can be relatively reduced and heat exchange efficiency can be improved.

[0010] 5. In the existing waste incineration methods and boiler applications, there is little or no high-temperature dust removal, and some of them are not efficient enough. There are fewer high-efficiency dust removal and combustion. Boilers are prone to ash accumulation, which reduces heat conversion efficiency and power generation. , short maintenance period, etc.

[0011] Existing incinerators such as the following two invention patents: multi-column segmental drive compound domestic waste incinerator (ZL200710092508.9) and unsolved problems in two-stage waste incinerator (ZL201010268376.2): ​​comparison of heat treatment modes of waste Backward, it is only the process of drying-burning-burning, solid combustion to release heat; the thermochemical reaction in the furnace is dominated by oxidation reaction, supplemented by reduction reaction, which is easy to produce secondary pollutants; when garbage is burned in the furnace, the peroxygen coefficient is large, The primary air and secondary air supply a large amount, and the dust content in the flue gas is relatively high, which has a great impact on the heat energy recovery system and the flue gas treatment system. It is easy to accumulate dust, and the amount of flue gas is large, which reduces the heat conversion efficiency; The installed gasification furnace and ember furnace can only process garbage in batches, and it is impossible to realize large-scale continuous gasification and incineration of garbage, and the amount of garbage to be treated is small

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