Critical or supercritical solar water and power coproduction device

Abstract

The invention discloses a critical or supercritical solar water and power coproduction device. Seawater is converted into steam directly by solar energy to be desalted, and then a machine is pushed by the steam to do work, so that power can be generated, and water and power coproduction effects can be realized. The critical or supercritical solar water and power coproduction device is completely different from technical means for saving energy by means of reducing the evaporation temperature of seawater during sea water desalinating by the aid of the traditional heat methods, and the seawater is evaporated in critical states to be desalted and desalinated; the seawater in the critical states is extremely low in enthalpy difference, and accordingly energy can be saved by approximately 20% by methods implemented by the aid of the critical or supercritical solar water and power coproduction device as compared with low-temperature desalination technologies; the critical or supercritical solar water and power coproduction device is in 'light-heat-electric' power generation modes in power generation procedures, and accordingly the power generation efficiency of the critical or supercritical solar water and power coproduction device is higher than the power generation efficiency of 'light-electric' conversion forms used during the traditional solar power generation. According to the technical scheme, the critical or supercritical solar water and power coproduction device has the advantages that a light absorption coating with an ultrahigh absorption rate is arranged on the surface of a porous material with low heat conductivity, so that the seawater on surface layers has the local high temperature, the light-steam conversion rate can be increased, and the yield of fresh water can be greatly increased; the steam in critical states is high in work capacity, and the Carnot efficiency of the steam is close to 55%.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a critical or supercritical solar hydropower cogeneration device, which belongs to the field of seawater desalination and energy saving and emission reduction. Background technique [0002] Seawater desalination is a method of separating salt from water in seawater to obtain fresh water. Taking thermal seawater desalination technology as an example, its essence is the process of heating seawater to a boiling state to generate steam and then condense to obtain fresh water. At present, the multi-stage flash technology utilizes steam at a temperature of 90-120°C. Since the steam at this temperature still has a large power generation capacity for modern power plants, the cost of desalination is high. Patent No. CN102092805A discloses a low-temperature multi-effect technology that can utilize steam as low as 70°C, which greatly reduces the cost of heat consumption in seawater desalination. Reducing energy consumption is an importa...

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Problems solved by technology

The invention overcomes the problems of high energy consumption and low conversion effic

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