1272 results about "Evaporation temperature" patented technology

The present invention provides a temperature control unit for an electrostatic adsorption electrode that is capable of controlling the wafer temperature rapidly over a wide temperature range without affecting in-plane uniformity while high heat input etching is conducted with high wafer bias power applied. A refrigerant flow path provided in the electrostatic adsorption electrode serves as an evaporator. The refrigerant flow path is connected to a compressor, a condenser, and a first expansion valve to form a direct expansion type refrigeration cycle. A second expansion valve is installed between the electrostatic adsorption electrode and the compressor to adjust the flow rate of a refrigerant. This makes it possible to compress the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path of the electrostatic adsorption electrode and adjust the wafer temperature to a high level by raising the refrigerant evaporation temperature. Further, a thin-walled cylindrical refrigerant flow path is employed so that the thin-walled cylinder is deformed only slightly by the refrigerant pressure.

A method of calculating net sensible cooling capacity of a cooling unit includes measuring a discharge pressure from of fluid from a compressor and a suction pressure from an evaporator, calculating a condensing temperature of fluid flowing from the compressor and an evaporating temperature of fluid flowing from the evaporator, calculating a mass flow rate of fluid flowing from the compressor, calculating enthalpy of fluid flowing from the compressor, of fluid flowing from the thermal expansion valve, and of fluid flowing from the evaporator, calculating a mass flow rate of fluid flowing through the hot gas bypass valve, and calculating net sensible cooling capacity. Embodiments of cooling units and other methods are further disclosed.

A first evaporator is arranged on a downstream side of an ejector, and a second evaporator is connected to a refrigerant suction inlet of the ejector. A refrigerant evaporation temperature of the second evaporator is lower than that of the first evaporator. The first and second evaporators are used to cool a common subject cooling space and are arranged one after the other in a flow direction of air to be cooled.

The invention discloses an air conditioner indoor / outdoor unit cleaning method. The method comprises the steps of: controlling a heat exchanger to be cleaned to enter a self-cleaning mode; adjusting the operation frequency of an air conditioner, the openness of a throttling device and the rotating speed of a fan corresponding to the heat exchanger to be cleaned, and controlling the evaporation temperature of the heat exchanger to be cleaned to keep in a preset range to condense the surface of the heat exchanger to be cleaned; condensing the heat exchanger to be cleaned by t1 time; detecting if the high / low pressure difference of the air conditioner reaches preset conditions; controlling a four-way valve to change the direction to perform the defrosting switching of indoor and outdoor heat exchangers when the high / low pressure difference of the air conditioner reaches the preset conditions; and adjusting air conditioner operation parameters when the high / low pressure difference of the air conditioner dose not reach the preset conditions, and then, controlling the four-way valve to change the direction to perform the defrosting switching of the indoor and outdoor heat exchangers when the high / low pressure difference of the air conditioner reaches the preset conditions. As the direction change of the four-way valve can be controlled through detecting if the high / low pressure difference of the air conditioner reaches the preset conditions, the higher shock on the compressor caused by excessive high / low pressure difference of the air conditioner can be prevented.

The invention discloses an air-conditioner internal and external unit cleaning method. The method comprises the steps that an indoor heat exchanger is controlled to enter a frosting mode; operation frequency of an air-conditioner, the opening degree of a throttling device and the rotating speed of an indoor fan are adjusted to enable evaporating temperature of the indoor heat exchanger to be kept within the preset range and the surface of the indoor heat exchanger to be frosted; frosting of the indoor heat exchanger lasts for time t1, later, frequency of a compressor is reduced, a four-way valve is controlled to be reversed, an outdoor heat exchanger enters a frosting mode, and meanwhile, the indoor heat exchanger is defrosted; the operation frequency of the air-conditioner, the opening degree of the throttling device and the rotating speed of an outdoor fan are adjusted, the evaporation temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger is kept within the preset range, and the surface of the outdoor heat exchanger is frosted; frosting of the outdoor heat exchanger lasts for time t2, the compressor is controlled to be shut down, and the indoor fan and the outdoor fan are kept starting until cleaning is completed. According to the air-conditioner internal and external unit cleaning method, the problem that in the prior art, the surface of the heat exchanger is cleaned through condensate water, and the effect is poor can be solved.

The invention discloses a cleaning control method for a heat exchanger of an air conditioner. The method includes the procedures that an indoor unit of the air conditioner is controlled to run for a first preset duration at a preset rotating speed under the refrigeration mode so that condensate water can be generated on the surface of the indoor heat exchanger; the evaporation temperature of the indoor heat exchanger is lowered or the rotating speed of an indoor draught fan is decreased so that the surface of the indoor heat exchanger can frost or freeze; and when frosting or freezing is completed, the air conditioner is controlled to be switched to run in the heating mode so that the indoor heat exchanger can defrost. The invention further provides a cleaning control device for the air conditioner. The invention further provides a cleaning control device for the heat exchanger of the air conditioner. By means of the cleaning control method and the cleaning control device, automatic cleaning of the indoor heat exchanger of the air conditioner is achieved, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved.

To provide a working fluid which has cycle performance sufficient as an alternative to R410A while the influence over global warming is sufficiently suppressed, which does not significantly increase the load to an apparatus as compared with a case where R410A is used, and which can be stably used continuously without any special measures, a composition for a heat cycle system comprising the working fluid, and a heat cycle system employing the composition.A working fluid for heat cycle, wherein the global warming potential is less than 300; the product of the relative coefficient of performance and the relative refrigerating capacity is at least 0.820 relative to R410A in a standard refrigerating cycle under conditions of an evaporation temperature of 0° C., a condensing temperature of 40° C., a supercoiling degree of 5° C. and a degree of superheat of 5° C.; the relative compressor discharge gas pressure is at most 1.100; the lower limit of the combustion range by method A in High Pressure Gas Safety Act is at least 5 vol %; and the pressure will not exceed 2.00 MPaG in a combustion test by method A in High Pressure Gas Safety act under 0.98 MPaG at 250° C.

Methods and apparatus for vapor deposition of an organic film are configured to vaporize an organic reactant at a first temperature, transport the vapor to a reaction chamber housing a substrate, and maintain the substrate at a lower temperature than the vaporization temperature. Alternating contact of the substrate with the organic reactant and a second reactant in a sequential deposition sequence can result in bottom-up filling of voids and trenches with organic film in a manner otherwise difficult to achieve. Deposition reactors conducive to depositing organic films are provided.

The invention provides an anti-frosting method for air-conditioner equipment. The anti-frosting method includes acquiring evaporation temperature of an outdoor unit heat exchanger of the air-conditioner equipment and outdoor dew-point temperature, judging whether frosting risk exists or not according to the evaporation temperature and the dew-point temperature, and if yes, then reducing heat exchange quantity of the outdoor unit heat exchanger so as to eliminate the frosting risk. The invention further provides the air-conditioner equipment and an anti-frosting device for the air-conditioner equipment. According to the technical scheme, the frosting risk of the outdoor unit heat exchanger of the air-conditioner equipment can be found and eliminated in time, so that frosting is prevented, inconvenience brought to users during the defrosting process, and users' experiences can be improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of air conditioning equipment, and in particular, discloses a double-temperature refrigerating and heating system, wherein a first cylinder, a first four-way valve, a first-grade throttle valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, a first-grade indoor heat exchanger, a gas-liquid separator, a second-grade throttle valve and a second-grade indoor heat exchanger of a compressor are connected through a pipeline to form a low-temperature evaporation loop; and a second cylinder, a second four-way valve, a first-grade throttle valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, a first-grade indoor heat exchanger and a gas-liquid separator of the compressor are connected through a pipeline to form a middle-temperature evaporation loop. The double-temperature refrigerating and heating system realizes switchover of refrigerating / heating modes through reversing of two four-way valves, realizes double-evaporation temperature refrigeration or double-condensation temperature heating, and effectively improves whole system energy efficiency; and obtained double-evaporation or double-condensation temperature can be widely applied to such places as freezing and refrigeration, air conditioner cold radiation and dehumidification, double-temperature heat source heat pump, air conditioner heat radiation and hot air or air conditioner heat radiation and living hot water.

The invention discloses an air conditioner system which comprises a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger and indoor heat exchangers connected in parallel. The compressor, the outdoor heat exchanger and the indoor heat exchangers are sequentially connected to form a refrigerant circulation loop. The side, close to the outdoor heat exchanger, of each indoor heat exchanger is provided with a first electronic expansion valve. The side, close to the compressor, of each indoor heat exchanger is provided with a second electronic expansion valve. The air conditioner system further comprises a controller. When the controller obtains the information that the practical superheat degree of the indoor heat exchangers is not equal to the preset superheat degree, the opening of the first electronic expansion valves is correspondingly adjusted according to the difference value between the practical superheat degree and the preset superheat degree; and or when the controller obtains the information that the practical evaporation temperature of the indoor heat exchangers it not equal to the preset evaporation temperature, the opening of the second electronic expansion valve is correspondingly adjusted according to the difference value between the practical evaporation temperature and the preset evaporation temperature. The invention further discloses an evaporation temperature control method of the air conditioner system. The evaporation temperature of multiple indoor units which are connected in parallel in the air conditioner system can be independently controlled.

A first evaporator is arranged on a downstream side of an ejector, and a second evaporator is connected to a refrigerant suction inlet of the ejector. A refrigerant evaporation temperature of the second evaporator is lower than that of the first evaporator. The first and second evaporators are used to cool a common subject cooling space and are arranged one after the other in a flow direction of air to be cooled.

A controller for an expansion valve of a refrigeration system for cooling a medium is configured to include, in the generation of a control signal, a measure of the evaporation temperature (T0) of the refrigerant in an evaporator and a measure of a property of the cooled medium, preferably without influence from a measure of the superheat temperature (SH) of the refrigerant. The controller comprises a PI-element for integrating and for producing a control signal for the expansion valve for controlling the flow of refrigerant into the evaporator, the PI-element being arranged in an inner control loop, a reference for which is produced by an outer control loop. The controller allows for fast response to disturbances and / or fast response of the medium temperature when the operating conditions of the refrigeration system are changed and / or fast response during start-up of the refrigeration system and maintains stable operation conditions with low, but positive superheating and a stable evaporation pressure.

The present invention provides a resistive heating evaporation source, which comprises a crucible (11) containing evaporation material (P) and provided with a crucible evaporation port (11A), a heating unit surrounding the periphery of the crucible (11), And the source outer wall (14) surrounding the heating unit and the bottom of the evaporation source (16); the heating unit is located on the periphery of the crucible evaporation port (11A), which is used to ensure that the temperature of the crucible evaporation port (11A) is higher than that of the evaporation material ( P) The upper heating unit (12A) with freezing point and independent temperature control, and the lower heating unit (12) located at the periphery of the main part of the crucible (11) with independent temperature control. Since the device is provided with an independent upper heating unit (12A) near the crucible evaporation port (11A), condensation of evaporated materials at the crucible port can be prevented. At the same time, due to the adoption of segmented and independent heating methods, defects caused by material splashing to the substrate caused by local uneven heating are prevented.

A light emitting device having an anode and a cathode provided on a substrate, and an organic light emitting layer between the anode and the cathode, where the organic light emitting layer includes a light emitting material and a dopant for improving the dispersibility thereof. As the dopant, there are employed a light emitting compound and a non-light emitting compound or a current enhancing material. In case of employing the light emitting compound, the composition corresponds to a case of utilizing plural light emitting materials, and, in such case, the light emission wavelengths are preferably mutually closer. Also, evaporation of the light emitting material and the dopant in the same evaporation boat makes it possible to reduce evaporation temperature, thereby improving the dispersability of the light emitting material.

The invention discloses a temperature adjusting and dehumidifying air-conditioning unit with double evaporators, which forms a temperature adjusting and dehumidifying system with double evaporators byusing two evaporators, two condensers, a compressor, a liquid reservoir, a gas-liquid separator, an expansion valve, an electromagnetic valve and a refrigerant pipeline, controls the humidity of theoutlet air of the unit by adjusting the flow rate of air flowing through the two evaporators according to the humidity content of the indoor air of the adjusted area or the inlet air of the unit, controls the temperature of the outlet air of the unit by adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the two condensers according to the temperature of the indoor air of the adjusted areaor the inlet air of the unit, and realizes the continuous and independent control of the parameters of the temperature and the humidity of the outlet air of the unit. The two evaporators have different evaporating temperatures. The invention has wide application range and good adjusting performance, can be suitable for the temperature adjusting and dehumidifying application places where the heat load and the humidity load have a wider range of change, and is especially suitable for the underground construction and air-conditioning application places with high requirements for dehumidifying.

The invention provides an air conditioner defrosting method and an air conditioner thereof. The air conditioner defrosting method comprises the following steps: in a heating mode, when an outdoor unit is located in the working condition of easy frosting, an electric heater in an indoor unit is started, the rotating speed of a compressor is lowered, and the evaporation temperature and the temperature of a coil pipe in the outdoor unit are increased; and in a defrosting mode, the electric heater and a fan of the indoor unit are kept rotating to accelerate flowing of air between a heat exchanger and the electric heater. The air conditioner comprises a control module for actuating the air conditioner defrosting method. The air conditioner defrosting method can open the electric heater and the indoor fan in the defrosting mode, so that a refrigerant of the heat exchanger of the indoor unit absorbs heat of electric heating, the dryness of the refrigerant in an outlet of the heat exchanger of the indoor unit can be increased, the inspiration liquid carrying quantity of the compressor is reduced, the stable operation of the compressor is improved, the defrosting process can be accelerated, and the indoor comfort of using the air conditioner in winter can be improved.

The invention provides a process for preparing magnesium sulphate by utilizing magnesium oxide desulfurized exhausted liquid comprising the steps of oxidation step, neutralization step, edulcoration step, evaporation concentration, solid-liquid separation step, drying and packing step. By controlling different evaporation temperature, discharging condition and various equipment, kieserite and magnesium sulphate can be prepared respectively.

The invention discloses a solar seawater desalination device, which comprises a vacuum tube type solar heat collector with cold and hot water tanks, a combined evaporative condenser, a seawater evaporator, a vapor condenser, a scroll vacuum pump, a heat pump circulation system, a fresh water tank, a strong brine tank, a sieve plate, a pressure reducing valve and the like. The device adopts the scroll vacuum pump to obtain higher negative system pressure to reduce the evaporation temperature of seawater; between the seawater evaporator and the vapor condenser, the heating cycle of a heat pump is utilized to supply the latent heat released by vapor condensation to the seawater evaporator and provide the heat for the evaporation of the seawater, and the device fully and effectively recovers the latent heat of condensation of water vapor; and the combined evaporative condenser is adopted to ensure that the seawater can be immediately condensed after the evaporation of the seawater and reduce the load of the vacuum pump. The device has the advantages of high efficiency, low energy consumption, compact structure, high fresh water yield and the like, and is suitable to solve the water drinking problem in water-deficient areas and the water drinking problem of operating personnel on ships and offshore platforms all year round.

A system for simultaneously producing electricity, water at a first temperature, water at a second temperature greater than the first temperature, and water at a third temperature greater than the second temperature. The system can also optionally simultaneously provide a refrigerating fluid at a first evaporation temperature, and the refrigerating fluid at a second evaporation temperature.

The invention discloses a multiple online control method and system. The method comprises the steps that the set temperature and the indoor environment temperature of each indoor unit are obtained, and the temperature difference is calculated; the comprehensive temperature difference is calculated; a refrigeration modification value ETS / a heating modification value CTS is calculated according to the comprehensive temperature difference; and the evaporation temperature / condensation temperature is modified, and the frequency of each compressor is adjusted. According to the multiple online control method, the frequency of each compressor is adjusted according to the modified evaporation temperature / refrigeration temperature, energy is saved, and meanwhile the refrigerating / heating effect of each indoor unit can be guaranteed. When the requirement for each indoor unit is low, the frequency of the corresponding compressor is reduced, the corresponding compressor runs at the low frequency and is kept running with the low output in a low energy consumption manner, the corresponding compressor is protected against start stop, and accordingly power rise caused by start stop of the corresponding compressor is avoided. Meanwhile, the indoor units continuously run, so that the indoor temperature is maintained near the set temperature, the constant indoor temperature is achieved, a good refrigerating / heating effect is guaranteed, and the comfort degree is improved.

The embodiment of the invention provides an air conditioning system, and relates to the technical field of air conditioners. The air conditioning system is used for solving the problems that refrigeration running and dehumidification running of an existing air conditioning system restrain each other, and the refrigeration function and the dehumidification function cannot be independently achieved at the same time. The air conditioning system comprises an indoor unit, an outdoor unit and a controller. The indoor unit comprises a first throttling element, a first evaporator, a second throttling element and a second evaporator. The outdoor unit comprises a dual-cylinder compressor, a condenser and a four-way valve. The controller is connected with the first throttling element, the second throttling element, the first evaporator and the second evaporator. The controller is used for controlling the opening degree of the first throttling element and the evaporation temperature of the first evaporator and further used for controlling the opening degree of the second throttling element and the evaporation temperature of the second evaporator. The air conditioning system can be used for refrigeration and dehumidification.

The invention relates to the field of production of viscose fibre in the textile industry, in particular to a method for preparing sodium sulfide from hydrogen sulfide waste gas produced in the production of the viscose fibre. The method comprises the steps as follows: A, the waste gas is fed into an alkali spray tower; B, hydrogen sulfide is absorbed in an alkali liquor in the alkali spray tower; C, impurities are removed; D, a preheated absorption liquid is delivered into a primary multi-effect evaporator; E, a solution is subject to settlement and desalination; F, the desalinated solution is filled into a semi-finished product barrel, and caustic soda is added into the desalinated solution; G, the solution in the semi-finished product barrel is delivered into a secondary single-effect evaporator; H, after undergoing the secondary evaporation, the solution is filled into a finished product barrel, and then is stirred for crystallization; and I, crystal sodium sulfide is made into tablets. The method has the advantage of realizing the optimal generation of sodium sulfide through the setting of processing parameters such as the size of main equipment, the pore diameter of a delivery pipeline, wind volume, wind velocity, the concentration of the alkali liquor, absorption time, circulating evaporation time, evaporation temperature, evaporation vacuum degree, precipitation time, stirring velocity, the rotational speed of a tablet making machine, and the like.

The invention discloses an air cooling unit defrosting control method and an air cooling unit defrosting system. The method comprises the steps that: a controller collects environment temperature and air suction pressure, and the air suction saturation evaporation temperature corresponding to the air suction pressure is calculated; whether the condition conforms to the defrosting condition or not is judged, and if so, a unit carries out defrosting; the controller collects the coil pipe temperature, and whether the condition conforms to the defrosting quitting condition or not is judged; if the condition conforms to the defrosting quitting condition, the unit quits the defrosting; and if the condition does not conform to defrosting quitting condition, the defrosting is not quitted until the condition conforms to the defrosting quitting condition. When the technical scheme disclosed by the invention is adopted, the defrosting degree of a unit air side heat exchanger is determined through the function relationship between the environment temperature and the saturation evaporation temperature corresponding to the air suction pressure, whether the defrosting is needed or not is determined, the conditions of occurrence of false defrosting and frequent defrosting are avoided, and the unit is ensured to effectively exert the capability during the heating operation.

Lubricant with non-terminal functional groups. The location of the functional groups minimizes free chain length and molecular weight of a lubricant while simultaneously maximizing evaporation temperature. The locations of the functional groups to the backbone of the molecule of the lubricant allows for shorter lengths of free backbone length between functional groups attached to a lubricated surface. The lubricant lubricates mechanical devices including hard disk drives.

The invention discloses a washing and drying unit with function of adjusting heat pump load and a drying control method for the washing and drying unit. The washing and drying unit comprises a drum, a heat pump module, a drying air duct, a low-temperature auxiliary air duct, an air duct switching mechanism and a bypass air way, wherein the drum and the heat pump module are communicated with each other through the drying air duct, the low-temperature auxiliary air duct is capable of sending hot air generated by the heat pump module to an evaporator operational environment for the purpose of heating, the air duct switching mechanism is used for controlling the hot air generated by the heat pump module to enter the drying air duct and / or the low-temperature auxiliary air duct, and the bypass air way communicated with the outside is disposed on the drying air duct and between an air outlet of the drum and the heat pump module. When drying starts, a heat pump of the washing and drying unit is used to heat and send the hot air into the heat pump module to rise the evaporation temperature of refrigerant in an evaporator by the aid of the low-temperature auxiliary air duct. In mid-late drying, the air duct switching mechanism controls the bypass air way to suck in external air or exhaust part of hot humid air inside the drying air duct, so that operational load of a compressor is reduced. By the washing and drying unit and the drying control method, the problem of drying impact from environmental temperature is solved, drying time is saved, and drying efficiency is improved.

A refrigerating apparatus includes a refrigerating cycle including a compressor, a condenser, a flow divider, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a decompressing device, and an evaporator. The refrigerant cycle has sealed therein a mixed refrigerant obtained by mixing at least first to third refrigerants with different evaporation temperatures. The first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger each includes a double pipe to form a first flow passage in an inner pipe of the double pipe, a second flow passage in an outer pipe of the double pipe, and an intermediate port in a piping connecting between the second flow passage of the first heat exchanger and the second flow passage of the second heat exchanger. A high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor is cooled by the condenser to liquefy the first refrigerant having a high evaporation temperature into a liquid refrigerant.

Methods and apparatus for vapor deposition of an organic film are configured to vaporize an organic reactant at a first temperature, transport the vapor to a reaction chamber housing a substrate, and maintain the substrate at a lower temperature than the vaporization temperature. Alternating contact of the substrate with the organic reactant and a second reactant in a sequential deposition sequence can result in bottom-up filling of voids and trenches with organic film in a manner otherwise difficult to achieve. Deposition reactors conducive to depositing organic films are provided.

The invention relates to a defrosting method of an air conditioner. The defrosting method includes the following steps that firstly, environment temperature, environment humidity and fin temperature are acquired; secondly, dew-point temperature corresponding to the environment temperature and the environment humidity is calculated, and whether fins meet the defrosting condition or not is judged according to the relation between the fin temperature and the dew-point temperature, if yes, the third step is executed, if not, the first step is executed again; thirdly, suction pressure is acquired, evaporation temperature corresponding to the suction pressure and the change rate of the evaporation temperature are calculated, if the change rate is larger than a preset change rate, defrosting is started, and if the change rate is not larger than the preset change rate, the third step continues to be executed. The defrosting method has the advantages that the change rate of the evaporation temperature of a heat exchanger on the air side in the heating process is used as the condition for judging whether defrosting is conducted or not, false defrosting of a unit is avoided, defrosting efficiency is improved, and heating capacity of the air cooling heat pump unit is exerted.