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High-capacity high-stability silicon-carbon composite nano material for lithium battery electrodes

A composite nanomaterial, high stability technology, applied in battery electrodes, nanotechnology for materials and surface science, nanotechnology, etc. characteristics, improved lithium storage performance, optimal capacity and stable cycling performance

Inactive Publication Date: 2017-02-22
CHENGDU YUYA TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, silicon exhibits a huge volume change (about 300%) during charge and discharge, which easily leads to the pulverization of material particles and the destruction of the conductive network inside the electrode.

Method used

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  • High-capacity high-stability silicon-carbon composite nano material for lithium battery electrodes

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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0026] A method for preparing a high-capacity lithium battery electrode silicon-carbon composite nanomaterial, comprising the following steps

[0027] step:

[0028] (1) Preparation of porous silicon matrix: Mix ethanol and ethyl orthosilicate at a molar ratio of 10:1 at room temperature, add 0.6mol / L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution dropwise under stirring, hydrochloric acid and ethyl orthosilicate The molar ratio is 0.2:1. After the dropwise addition, the mixed solution A is obtained by constant temperature reaction. The reaction temperature is 40°C and the reaction time is 1.5 hours; Take sodium silicate and make it into an aqueous solution of sodium silicate. Add ammonia aqueous solution dropwise to the aqueous sodium silicate solution under stirring. The molar ratio of ammonia water to sodium silicate is 0.05:1. After the addition, keep the temperature at 50°C for 2 Mixed solution B was obtained after 1 hour; then the mixed solution A and mixed solution B were aged for...

Embodiment 2

[0032] A method for preparing a high-capacity lithium battery electrode silicon-carbon composite nanomaterial, comprising the steps of:

[0033] (1) Preparation of porous silicon matrix: Mix ethanol and methyl orthosilicate at a molar ratio of 20:1 at room temperature, add 0.25mol / L sulfuric acid aqueous solution dropwise under stirring, sulfuric acid and methyl orthosilicate The molar ratio of the solution is 0.05:1. After the dropwise addition, the mixed solution A is obtained by constant temperature reaction. The reaction temperature is 60°C and the reaction time is 1 hour; the molar ratio of potassium silicate to methyl orthosilicate is 3:1. Take potassium silicate and prepare potassium silicate aqueous solution. Add ammonia aqueous solution dropwise to potassium silicate aqueous solution under stirring. The molar ratio of ammonia water to potassium silicate is 0.05:1. Mixed solution B was obtained in 1 hour; then the mixed solution A and mixed solution B were aged for 20 ho...

Embodiment 3

[0037] A method for preparing a high-capacity lithium battery electrode silicon-carbon composite nanomaterial, comprising the steps of:

[0038] (1) Preparation of porous silicon matrix: Mix ethanol and polysiloxane at a molar ratio of 30:1 at room temperature, add 0.3mol / L nitric acid aqueous solution dropwise under stirring, nitric acid and polysiloxane The molar ratio is 0.06:1, after the dropwise addition is completed, the constant temperature reaction obtains the mixed solution A, the reaction temperature is 70°C, and the reaction time is 2 hours; the molar ratio of metasilicon tetrachloride to polysiloxane is 3: 1 Weigh the partial tetrachloride silicon, and prepare the partial tetrachloride aqueous solution, drop the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution in the partial tetrachloride aqueous solution under stirring state, the molar ratio of sodium hydroxide and partial tetrachloride The ratio is 0.06:1, and after the addition is completed, the temperature is kept at 50°C for...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a high-capacity high-stability silicon-carbon composite nano material for lithium battery electrodes. The composite nano material is composed of porous silicon and amorphous carbon, wherein the porous silicon accounts for 20-80 wt% of the matrix, the total pore volume is 0.5-2.5 cm<3> / g, the specific area is 50-320 m<2> / g, the pores form bimodal pore distribution, the micropores with the pore size of 2-15nm account for 30-50% of the total pore volume, and the macropores with the pore size of 5-30nm account for 50-70% of the total pore volume; and the amorphous carbon accounts for 10-50 wt%, the particle size is 5-20nm, and the amorphous carbon directly grows on the surface of the porous silicon. The porous silicon forms bimodal pore structure distribution, so that the physical characteristics of the silicon material are greatly improved, and the lithium storage property is greatly enhanced. When the composite nano material is used as a negative electrode material of the lithium ion battery, the charging / discharging experiment indicates that the first reversible capacity is 2920-3070 mAh / g, and the reversible capacity after 100 cycles is 1460-1520 mAh / g.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of application of nanometer materials, and in particular relates to a silicon-carbon composite nanometer material for lithium battery electrodes with high capacity and high stability. Background technique [0002] The study of nanomaterials is a frontier field in today's scientific research, and it is also a hot spot studied by many scientists all over the world. The magic and unknown aspects of nanomaterials have aroused people's widespread attention; the research and application of nanomaterials are currently hot spots and difficulties, and are also the focus of high-tech development. [0003] Nanomaterials refer to materials with a size ranging from 1 to 100 nm. After the particle size is less than 100nm, the number of surface atoms of ions is comparable to the number of atoms in their bodies. This property leads to changes in the structure and energy state of nanomaterials that are different from the...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/62B82Y30/00
CPCB82Y30/00H01M4/624H01M4/625Y02E60/10
Inventor 向红先
Owner CHENGDU YUYA TECH
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