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High-fiber volume content polylactic acid homopolymer composite material and preparation method thereof

A volume content, composite material technology, applied in chemical instruments and methods, synthetic resin layered products, layered products, etc., can solve problems such as poor interface compatibility, resource shortage, environmental pollution, etc.

Active Publication Date: 2017-05-17
JIANGNAN UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, there are two problems with traditional fiber-reinforced composites: first, the reinforcement phase and matrix are not homogeneous, the interfacial compatibility is poor, and they cannot be recycled
Second, the reinforcing phase is inorganic fiber or petroleum-based polymer fiber, and the matrix is ​​petroleum-based polymer, which has problems such as resource shortage and environmental pollution
[0003] At present, the PLA single-polymer composite materials and their preparation methods have the following problems: (1) the matrix and the reinforcing phase are both PLA, so that the processing window is narrow; (2) PLA is a thermoplastic polymer material with high viscosity, and the PLA matrix is ​​difficult to reinforce. The phase PLA fiber is fully infiltrated, and the reinforcement phase PLA fiber is difficult to disperse uniformly in the PLA matrix, so that the volume content of the PLA fiber is low

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0022] PLA short fibers with skin-core structure are used as raw materials, in which the core layer is stereocomplex polylactic acid (sc-PLA), and sc-PLA is a mixture of left-handed polylactic acid (PLLA) and right-handed polylactic acid (PDLA). The weight ratio is 1:1, and the viscosity-average molecular weights of PLLA and PDLA are 1.8×10 5 and 1.5×10 5 , the cortex is PLLA, the viscosity average molecular weight is 2.2×10 5 , the volume ratio of the skin to the core is 30:70, and the skin-core structure PLA nonwoven fabric (area density 20g / m 2 ), superimpose 100 layers of PLA nonwoven fabrics together, and heat press them into PLA single-polymer composite materials under the pressure of 5MPa and the temperature of 190°C on a hot press. The tensile strength at break of the obtained PLA single polymer composite was 80 MPa, and the elongation at break was 40.5%.

Embodiment 2

[0024] The PLA short fiber with a skin-core structure is used as a raw material, and the core layer is PLA with a D-lactic acid structural unit (D-LA) content of 2 mol%, and a viscosity-average molecular weight of 2.0×10 5 , the cortex is PLA with a D-lactic acid structural unit (D-LA) content of 15mol%, and a viscosity-average molecular weight of 8.0×10 4 , the volume ratio of the skin to the core is 20:80, and the skin-core structure PLA nonwoven fabric (area density 18g / m 2 ), superimposed 50 pieces of PLA non-woven fabrics, and pressed them into PLA single-polymer composites under a pressure of 6 MPa and a temperature of 130 ° C on a hot press. The tensile strength at break of the obtained PLA single polymer composite was 65 MPa, and the elongation at break was 58.2%.

Embodiment 3

[0026] The skin-core structure PLA filament is used as the raw material, in which the core layer is stereocomplex polylactic acid (sc-PLA), and sc-PLA is a mixture of left-handed polylactic acid (PLLA) and right-handed polylactic acid (PDLA). The weight ratio is 1:1, and the viscosity-average molecular weights of PLLA and PDLA are 2.2×10 5 and 1.8×10 5 , the cortex is PLLA, the viscosity average molecular weight is 1.8×10 5 , the volume ratio of the skin to the core is 40:60, and the PLA filament with the skin-core structure is processed into a plain woven fabric (the weight is 300g / m2) by weaving. 2 ), superimposed 4 pieces of PLA woven fabrics on a hot press, and pressed them into PLA single-polymer composites under a pressure of 7 MPa and a temperature of 190 °C. The tensile strength at break of the PLA single polymer composite material along the warp direction of the woven fabric is 85MPa, and the elongation at break is 35.0%. The tensile strength at break along the warp...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a high-fiber volume content polylactic acid (PLA) homopolymer composite material and a preparation method thereof. A reinforced phase is a PLA fiber of which the content of a dextrolactic acid structure unit (D-LA) is 0-10mol% and a matrix is PLA of which the content of the dextrolactic acid structure unit (D-LA) is 10-50mol%, or the reinforced phase is an isotactic composite polylactic acid (sc-PLA) fiber, wherein sc-PLA is a mixture of poly L-lactic acid (PLLA) and poly D-lactic acid (PDLA), the weight ratio of the PLLA to the PDLA is 1:1 and the matrix is PLA of which the D-LA content is 0-100mol%; and the volume content of the strengthened phase is 5-90mol%. The preparation method of the corresponding composite material comprises the steps of (1) processing the PLA fiber of a skin-core structure into fiber assemblies; (2) overlaying 1-1,000 layers of PLA fiber assemblies of the skin-core structure; and (3) forming a PLA homopolymer composite material through hot pressing of the PLA fiber assemblies of the skin-core structure on a hot press under the conditions that the pressure is 1-20MPa and the temperature is 100-210 DEG C. The obtained PLA homopolymer composite material can be applied to the fields of packaging, automobiles and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of polymer materials, in particular to a polylactic acid (PLA) single polymer composite material with high fiber volume content and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composites have been widely used in aerospace, leisure and entertainment, automobile, construction and sports industries due to their high specific strength, non-corrosion and high fracture toughness. It is making more and more contributions to the low-carbon and environmentally friendly economic development model. Therefore, the market share of fiber-reinforced composite materials is increasing. However, there are two problems with traditional fiber-reinforced composites: first, the reinforcement phase and matrix are inhomogeneous, have poor interfacial compatibility, and cannot be recycled. Second, the reinforcing phase is inorganic fiber or petroleum-based polymer fiber, and the matrix is ​​pet...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): B32B27/36B32B27/02B32B27/12B32B27/08B32B33/00
CPCB32B5/02B32B5/26B32B33/00B32B2250/20B32B2262/0276
Inventor 刘庆生邓炳耀杨琪冰
Owner JIANGNAN UNIV
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