Harmless treatment method and device for dangerous wastes

Abstract

The invention relates to a harmless treatment method and device for dangerous wastes. The device at least comprises a pyrolysis gasification device, wherein the pyrolysis gasification device is a pyrolysis gasification furnace which is provided with an oxygen-free pyrolysis cabin, an anaerobic pyrolysis cabin, a catalytic reduction cabin and a melting chamber according to an integrated and external environment isolation manner; the oxygen-free pyrolysis cabin is internally provided with a first stirrer; the oxygen-free pyrolysis cabin and the anaerobic pyrolysis cabin can be mutually separated through mutual fitting and a first material distribution disc and a second material distribution disc which move relatively in a direction vertical to the axial direction of the first stirrer; the first material distribution disc and the second material distribution disc are provided with through holes which are closed at a first position but are opened at a second position according to a position mutual corresponding manner; a plate-shaped part which protrudes partially is observed through the first material distribution disc and the second material distribution disc along the axial direction of the first stirrer; and a center-protruding arc-shaped strip part is observed through the first material distribution disc and the second material distribution disc along the longitudinal direction, so that the first material distribution disc is only partially close to an end part of a spiral blade of the first stirrer.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of harmless treatment of hazardous waste, in particular to a method and device for harmless treatment of hazardous waste. Background technique [0002] In recent years, my country produces 2.4 billion tons of industrial waste every year, including 2.352 billion tons of general industrial solid waste and 48 million tons of hazardous waste, and the annual growth rate is 12%. Although the state has strengthened the management of industrial solid waste, especially hazardous waste, about 40% of the solid waste is not properly treated and is only temporarily stored within the enterprise. According to the statistics of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the accumulative accumulation of industrial solid waste in the country has reached 6.6 billion tons, covering an area of ​​about 55,000 square meters, and the trend is increasing every year. Although some large enterprises have built landfills, they still po...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] However, there are obvious defects in the four processing methods

First, landfills occupy a large amount of land, release rancid and toxic gases, and produce flammable, explosive or toxic gases; heavy metals and other carcinogens accumulate in the soil, causing permanent soil pollution

Second, the incineration method will produce fly ash, smoke, haze, PM2.5 particulate matter and dioxin-like highly toxic pollutants, as well as a large amount of acid gas, incompletely burned organic components and slag

Third, the leaching rate of the solidified body of the solidification method is high, and it needs to be coated; since oils, organic acids, metal oxides, etc. will hinder the hydration reaction of the coagulant, it is necessary to increase the proportion of the coagulant. Causes solubilization of the cured body; the cured body has poor aging resistance and is easy to break

Fourth, the chemical method can only treat a small amount of organic waste such as kitchen waste, and most hazardous waste cannot be treated

However, the method provided by this patent still has at least the following defects: (1) this patent only performs anaerobic pyrolysis and gasification on municipal solid waste, and it is difficult to thoroughly treat industrial solid waste with complex components; (2) this patent Using molten glass melted at a high temperature of 1250-1500°C as the heat source for pyrolysis and gasification of municipal solid waste, the high temperature required to form molten glass makes this method consume a lot of energy

On the other hand, the hazardous waste treatment devices in the prior art still have many defects such as easy blockage, inability to realize continuous production, easy ejection of heat and gas generated by decomposition, and great impact on the surrounding environment.

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