Grade porous material with specific heavy metal adsorption function and method for preparing grade porous material

Abstract

The invention discloses a grade porous material with a specific heavy metal adsorption function and a method for preparing the grade porous material. The method includes steps of (1), mixing and stirring silicone sources and template agents with one another and carrying out hydrolysis to obtain silicon source hydrolysate; (2), adding seed crystals into the silicon source hydrolysate, carrying outultrasonic dispersion and then carrying out crystallization treatment to obtain crystallization liquid; (3), centrifuging, washing and drying the crystallization liquid to obtain dry crystallization products, carrying out alkali modification treatment on the dry crystallization products and then calcining the dry crystallization products; (4), carrying out modification treatment on the polarity ofcalcined materials by the aid of modifiers to obtain the grade porous material with the specific heavy metal adsorption function. The grade porous material and the method have the advantages that preparation conditions are mild, equipment is simple, and the grade porous material and the method are green and environmentally friendly, and are free of requirements on harsh reaction conditions, little in environmental pollution and low in energy consumption; the grade porous material is high in heavy metal removal rate, adsorption effects can be realized by the grade porous material for differenttypes of heavy metal, and particularly, the removal rate can reach 99.9% when the grade porous material is used for specifically adsorbing heavy metal arsenic.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of heavy metal ion adsorption materials, in particular to a graded porous material with the function of specifically adsorbing heavy metals and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Hierarchical porous materials, as an important inorganic material, have been widely studied by scholars in the field of catalysis due to their unique and regular channels and adjustable structural characteristics, and have been applied to the fields of acid-base catalysis, adsorption and ion exchange. In recent years, It has also expanded to emerging fields such as biomedicine, optical electronics and sensor technology. According to the definition of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), porous materials can be divided into three categories according to their pore size: micropores (≤2nm), mesoporous (2-50nm) and macropores (≥50nm). Among the three types of porous materials, microporous zeolit...

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Problems solved by technology

Among the three types of porous materials, microporous zeolites, such as ZSM-5 and Y-type zeolites, have become important catalysts in modern petroleum and chemical industries due to their high hydrothermal stability and strong acidity, but they are relatively small. The pore size limits its application in macromolecular reactions

The pore size of mesoporous materials is large, but the acid strength is not enough, and the hydrothermal stability is poor, which also hinders its application in industrial production.

Three-dimensional regular macroporous materials have the characteristics of large pore size (tens of nanometers to hundreds of nanometers), uniform distribution, and strong periodicity of arrangement. However, due to the large pore size, macroporous materials no longer have the ability to screen small molecules.

[0005] Patent No. CN 105536740 A Chinese Patent "Preparation Method and Application of Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Amino Polymer Adsorbent for Adsorption of Dyes and Heavy Metal Ions" The organic-inorganic hybrid amino polymer adsorbent has very high The adsorption capacity and adsorption efficiency are high, but the organic solvent acetonitrile is used in the preparation process, which has certain toxicity;

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