An arc plasma reactor and a method for lightening heavy oil

Abstract

The invention discloses an arc plasma reactor and a method for lightening heavy oil. The plasma reactor includes a reaction tank and a plasma array arranged in the reaction tank; the reaction tank is provided with a gas inlet, a gas outlet, The reactant inlet and the liquid product outlet, the material collector is connected with the liquid product outlet; the arc plasma array is composed of a high-voltage electrode, a low-voltage electrode cap and an insulating medium, and the low-voltage electrode cap is provided with a plasma plume jet for generation The outer insulating medium is sealed and connected to the low-voltage electrode cap, and there is a gas inlet above the outer insulating medium, which communicates with the gas inlet of the tank through a connecting pipe. When the plasma reactor of the present invention is used in the lightening reaction of heavy oil, the coking reaction of heavy oil can be reduced, the hydrogen free radical generation efficiency can be increased, and the energy conversion efficiency can be improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the fields of arc plasma reactor and heavy oil conversion, in particular to an arc plasma reactor which can be used for heavy oil conversion and a method for lightening heavy oil. Background technique [0002] At present, the oil refining industry of various countries in the world is facing serious challenges such as the gradual decrease of oil resources, the increasingly heavy and inferior quality of crude oil, the increasing demand for light oil and middle distillate oil, and the increasingly stringent environmental regulations. Heavy oil has high density, high viscosity, high asphaltene content, poor fluidity, and contains a large amount of impurities such as sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, and metal elements. Through heavy oil processing, inferior heavy oil resources can be utilized to the maximum to produce more gasoline, kerosene and other fuels. Traditional heavy oil processing technologies such as decarbonization technology ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0006] Existing plasma reactors Most of the plasma devices currently used for heavy oil conversion are DBD structures, and the reaction area is located between the two electrodes. The reaction materials not only affect the plasma discharge, but are also not suitable for coking or deterioration in strong electric fields. Material reaction, for example, when the reaction material is heavy oil and other materials with poor fluidity, the action of high temperature and strong electric field will cause the raw material to coke and cause the reaction to be unable to be effectively controlled, thereby affecting the normal operation of the device

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