Measuring processing performing head applicable to hole forming in aircraft skin

Abstract

The invention discloses a measuring processing performing head applicable to hole forming in an aircraft skin. The measuring processing performing head applicable to the hole forming in the aircraft skin comprises a rack, an axial moving type power head system, a rotating type coaxial measuring head system, a positioning shaft, an assistant compressing system and a vacuum dust absorbing chamber. According to the measuring processing performing head applicable to the hole forming in the aircraft skin, the performing head mechanism is connected to a mechanical arm, so that the manmade error caused by manually operating the performing head to move is removed; the rotating type coaxial measuring head system is adopted and enables rotating transformation of a contact type measuring head station through a rotating driving cylinder, so that the working efficiency is high; a contact type measuring head is coaxial with an electric main shaft and an axis of a cutter, so that the coordinate transformation error is removed; the assistant compressing system is adopted to axially compress an annular area close to a hole forming point through an annular pressing block, and thus the skin deformation and vibration at the position where the hole forming is performed can be reduced; the vacuum dust absorbing chamber is able to reduce local overheat of a processing area, and powder residual in a hole can be removed in a following manner; a cutter detecting system is adopted; and damages such as breaking and bending of the cutter can be timely detected, so that the skin damage is avoided.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of automatic assembly, and in particular relates to a measuring and processing executive head suitable for making holes in aircraft skins. Background technique [0002] The aircraft skin is a special-shaped component that surrounds the aircraft skeleton structure and is fixedly connected to the skeleton, spar and other structures through rivets to form the aerodynamic shape of the aircraft. The aircraft skin structure needs to have a large load-carrying capacity. Since most of the composite materials are thin-walled structures, the weight is very light, and it plays the role of bearing and transmitting aerodynamic loads. The skin is complex in force, where the external aerodynamic load acts directly on the skin, and the skin is subjected to local aerodynamic loads perpendicular to its surface; in addition, the skin also participates in the overall force of the wing, which is combined with the spar or wing wa...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] In the process of processing the prefabricated holes of aircraft skin rivets, hundreds of prefabricated hole positions need to be processed by the hole making device. Because the skin has a radian, the direction of the hole axis is required to change continuously; due to the thinness of the skin Due to the characteristics of wall parts, the stress concentration at the hole-making point is relatively large, and the deformation of the workpiece caused by axial force and vibration affects the dimensional accuracy of the hole; because part of the skin is made of composite materials, there is a lot of dust during processing, and if it is not cleaned in time, it will Attaching to the processing area leads to local overheating, resulting in hole-making defects. At the same time, riveting the prefabricated holes with residual dust will cause problems such as misalignment of the rivet shaft holes; due to the material performance characteristics of the composite skin, the tool in the drilling project Easy to break and other damage, if the processing is not stopped in time, the skin will be seriously damaged

[0004] At present, China's industry mainly uses simple mechanical mechanisms such as hand-held power heads, mobile trusses, and power-assisted devices, and cooperates with manual operations to carry out rivet hole drilling operations. The main application equipment and assembly process are as follows: Manual use of trackers and other measuring instruments The prefabricated hole points are drawn relative to the reference point, the hand-held power head is fixed on the mobile end of the mobile truss, the axis direction of the power head is manually corrected according to the curvature at the prefabricated hole point, and the axial force is applied manually with the assist device The holes are drilled, and the remaining dust in the holes is removed by using a pneumatic dust blower. The above-mentioned assembly process relies heavily on manual work methods, which have the following shortcomings: (1) The relative position of the holes is caused by manually moving the hand-held power head. Poor consistency; (2) The measurement of prefabricated hole points and completed machined hole points by manual measuring tools such as trackers has the disadvantage of low efficiency. Coordinate conversion error affects the accuracy of hole position; (3) Due to the characteristics of thin-walled parts of the skin, the stress concentration at the drilling point of the drill bit is relatively large, resulting in deformation and vibration of the skin at the hole-making position, affecting dimensional accuracy and causing hole-making defects; (4) If the processing dust is not cleaned up in time or is not cleaned thoroughly, it will cause local overheating in the processing area, resulting in defects such as burrs and flashes in the hole, and the rivet connection of the prefabricated hole with residual dust will cause problems such as misalignment of the rivet shaft hole, and at the same time The dust will have adverse effects on the operators; (5) During the process of processing the composite material skin, the tool is prone to breakage and breakage. If the machine is not stopped in time, it is easy to cause damage to the processing hole and the nearby skin; (6) The power head device relies heavily on manual operation, the quality and efficiency of the operation are low, and the dense hole structure makes it difficult for workers to observe and operate. It requires high skill and labor intensity.

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