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ADN/AlH3 composite microsphere, preparation method and solid propellant containing microsphere

A technology of solid propellants and composite microspheres, which is applied in offensive equipment, explosives processing equipment, explosives, etc., can solve the problems of reduced hydrogen content, failure to meet the safety performance of propellants, and non-dense surface coating to achieve compact structure, Improve drug performance and safety performance, low mechanical sensitivity effect

Active Publication Date: 2021-03-05
HUBEI INST OF AEROSPACE CHEMOTECHNOLOGY
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Although these methods can increase AlH to a certain extent 3 The stability and safety of the propellant, but it usually leads to problems such as the decrease of the hydrogen content and the non-dense surface coating, which cannot meet the requirements for the safety performance of the propellant during the development process.

Method used

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  • ADN/AlH3 composite microsphere, preparation method and solid propellant containing microsphere
  • ADN/AlH3 composite microsphere, preparation method and solid propellant containing microsphere
  • ADN/AlH3 composite microsphere, preparation method and solid propellant containing microsphere

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preparation example Construction

[0057] Ammonium dinitramide / aluminum trihydride (ADN / AlH) of the present invention 3 ) The preparation method of composite microspheres is to combine precipitation by in situ self-assembly method, comprising the following steps:

[0058] (1) After dissolving ADN in the solvent, add the precursor of the first reactive protective layer and stir evenly for later use. The first reactive protective layer includes a prepolymer, a curing agent, and a catalyst, and the stirring time is 20 to 30 minutes , the rotation speed is 400-800rpm, the prepolymer is one of hydroxyl-terminated glycidyl ether (GAP), hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) or hydroxyl-terminated perfluoropolyether (PFPE), and the curing agent is Isophor One or a combination of ketone diisocyanate (IPDI), toluene diisocyanate (TDI) or polyfunctional aliphatic isocyanate (N-100), the catalyst is di-n-butyltin dilaurate.

[0059] (2) AlH 3 Put it into a beaker, add anti-solvent, and ultrasonically pulverize it in a...

Embodiment 1

[0088] Dissolve 5g of ADN and 0.2g of HTPB glue + TDI curing agent + organotin catalyst in 20mL of acetonitrile; 5g of AlH 3 Put it into a beaker, add 100ml of anti-solvent dichloromethane, under the double action of stirring and ultrasonic, keep AlH 3 In a suspension state, the ultrasonic power is 700W, and the stirring speed is 1000rpm; the ADN solution is added dropwise at a rate of 0.2ml / min to a concentration of 5gAlH 3 Keep the temperature at 40°C, the ultrasonic power at 700W, and the stirring speed at 1000rpm, and react for 3 hours; then add 20mL of acetonitrile solution containing 0.5g of HTPB glue + TDI curing agent + organotin catalyst Add to the above solution, continue to react for 12h, cool to room temperature, filter, and vacuum dry to obtain off-white ADN / AlH 3 Composite energetic microspheres. Take 5gADN / AlH 3 Composite energetic microspheres and 5g of ADN and AlH3 mixture with a mass ratio of 1:1 were tested for hygroscopicity at a relative humidity of 75%...

Embodiment 2

[0090] Dissolve 8g of ADN and 0.12g of GAP glue + TDI curing agent + organotin catalyst in 20mL of acetone; 4g of AlH 3 Put it into a beaker, add anti-solvent cyclohexane 100ml, under the double action of stirring and ultrasonic, keep AlH 3 In a suspension state, the ultrasonic power is 700W, and the stirring speed is 800rpm; the ADN solution is added dropwise at a rate of 0.5ml / min to a concentration of 4gAlH 3 In the cyclohexane dispersion, keep the temperature at 50°C, the ultrasonic power is 700W, the stirring speed is 800rpm, and react for 3h; then add 20mL of acetone solution containing 0.6g of PFPE glue + TDI curing agent + organotin catalyst Add to the above solution, continue to react for 8h, cool to room temperature, filter, and vacuum dry to obtain off-white ADN / AlH 3 Composite energetic microspheres. Take 5gADN / AlH 3 Composite energetic microspheres and 5g of ADN and AlH with a mass ratio of 2:1 3 The mixture was tested for hygroscopicity at a relative humidity...

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Abstract

The invention relates to an ammonium dinitramide / aluminum trihydride (ADN / AlH3) composite microsphere, a preparation method thereof and a solid propellant containing the composite microsphere. The composite microsphere structurally comprises an ADN layer, a first reaction type protective layer, an AlH3 layer and a second reaction type protective layer from inside to outside in sequence, the structural performance is adjustable, the preparation process is simple, safe and stable, the requirements of scale-up production are met, and the microsphere is low in moisture absorption rate, low in mechanical sensitivity and wide in application prospect. The composite microsphere is suitable for different adhesive-curing systems, can be used in HTPB and GAP adhesive-isocyanate curing agent systems,can also be used in GAP adhesive-alkynyl curing agent systems, has excellent safety performance and patent medicine performance, can significantly improve the low characteristic signal performance ofsolid propellants, can be used for high-energy propellant formula research, and is also suitable for research on performance improvement of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene propellants.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of propellant technology, in particular to an ADN / AlH 3 Composite microsphere, its preparation method and solid propellant containing the microsphere. Background technique [0002] The effective oxygen content of ADN (ammonium dinitramide) is close to that of AP (ammonium perchlorate), the oxygen balance is +25.8%, the enthalpy of formation is -149.8kJ / mol, and the crystal density is 1.812g / cm 3 , has the characteristics of high energy, large amount of gas formation, low toxicity, clean gas, and environmental friendliness. Using it to replace AP oxidizer can greatly improve the energy performance of the propellant, reduce the characteristic signal, and reduce environmental pollution. Studies have shown that using 40% ADN in HTPB (hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene) propellants can increase the specific impulse of the propellant by 98N s / kg; ADN can increase the specific impulse by 7% when used in low characteristic si...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C06B45/36C06B21/00
CPCC06B45/36C06B21/0066
Inventor 李磊陈红胡翔黄丹椿汪慧思杜芳陶博文邱贤平顾健庞爱民
Owner HUBEI INST OF AEROSPACE CHEMOTECHNOLOGY
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