Device adaptive to gasification of organic solid waste

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of organic solid waste raw materials, and discloses a device adaptive to gasification of organic solid waste, the device comprises a reactor body, the top of the reactor body is in threaded sleeve connection with a sealing cover, and the left side of the top of the sealing cover is fixedly communicated with a carbon-based catalyst tar cracking device. And the right side of the top of the sealing cover fixedly communicates with a feeding opening. Through the carbon-based catalyst cracking tar device, the lower flow guide cover, the upper flow guide cover and the multi-point distributed gasifying agent inlet, solid waste moves downwards along the upper direction of the inner cavity of the reactor body under the action of the carbon-based catalyst cracking tar device; furthermore, a gasifying agent entering the reactor body through the gasifying agent inlet can flow downwards along the outer surface of the lower flow guide cover under the cooperation of the gasifying agent inlet and the lower flow guide cover, so that particle airflow integrally flows along the surfaces of the upper flow guide cover and the lower flow guide cover; therefore, the effect of uniform mixing reaction can be quickly achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of organic solid waste raw materials, in particular to a device suitable for gasifying organic solid waste. Background technique [0002] It is estimated that about 10 billion tons of solid waste are produced in my country every year, and organic solid waste (hereinafter referred to as organic solid waste) accounts for more than half. If it cannot be properly handled, it will pollute the atmosphere, soil, and water; It has a large output and a wide range of sources. According to its source, it can be divided into agricultural organic solid waste, industrial organic solid waste and urban organic solid waste. Organic solid waste has the characteristics of high volatile matter, high water content, high alkali metal, and low energy density. [0003] At present, the treatment method of organic solid waste is mainly based on combustion, which is an extensive utilization method with low thermal efficiency and high p...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003]At present, the treatment method of organic solid waste is mainly combustion, which is an extensive utilization method with low thermal efficiency and high pollution; in the 1970s, GargM et al. first proposed the application of coal gasification technology to biomass, a material with low energy density; organic solid waste can be dried, pyrolyzed, and gasified to produce synthesis gas, which is an important chemical raw material. Synthetic ammonia, methanol, low-carbon olefins, liquid fuels, etc. are widely used; however, the organic solid waste gasification technology still has the following problems: Reactor body (1) The tar content in the gasification gas is high, about 10-200g / Nm3 ;Compared with coal resources, the energy density of organic solid waste is lower (biomass energy density is 871.7-900MJ / m3, coal energy density is 33844.5-47633MJ / m3), which makes its gasification temperature lower in the separate gasification process , resulting in a large amount of tar produced in the separate gasification process, and the gas phase tar condenses in the pipeline to cause pipeline blockage; the gas production calorific value of the sealing cover (2) is low, and the gas production calorific value is generally about 5MJ / Nm3 in the air atmosphere, and the water The gas produced by steam gasification is of high quality, with a large proportion of hydrogen and methane, and the calorific value of the gas can reach 17-21MJ / Nm3; since the gasification temperature is about 700-750C, the tar cannot be cracked, and it will be produced after gasification in the air atmosphere The combustible gas composition is 1.57% methane, 9.76% carbon monoxide, and 15.27% hydrogen. The low quality of synthesis gas makes the calorific value of gas production low

[0004] Moreover, the single set of cone-shaped shrouds of the existing processing device includes two upper and lower shrouds, and the upper and lower shrouds are not always required when guiding the airflow Otherwise, the processing efficiency will not be significantly improved, and the energy loss will be greatly increased. However, most of the existing transmission shafts and conical shrouds are fixedly connected, which makes it difficult to divert the upper and lower flow inside the reactor. The movement of the hood is adjusted, which is not easy to operate and use

[0005]At the same time, it is often necessary to provide discharge holes with different pore sizes when treating substances with different concentrations, while the pore size of the filter plate at the bottom of the existing reactor is fixed, and its It is difficult for the staff to adjust the filter pore size of the filter plate at any time according to the actual treatment situation, resulting in poor filtering effect and even easy to clog; For reactors for organic solid waste gasification, it is particularly important to realize gasification of organic solid waste raw materials to produce gas purification and high hydrogen-to-carbon ratio of product gas

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