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Composite isotope battery integrating photoelectric conversion and thermoelectric conversion

An isotope battery, thermoelectric conversion technology, applied in photovoltaic power generation, application of radiation from radioactive sources, and obtaining electrical energy from radioactive sources, etc., can solve the problems of reducing the stability of the power supply system, limiting the scope of application, and limited reserves, and improving energy utilization. efficiency, improved stability, and improved energy conversion efficiency

Pending Publication Date: 2022-05-24
HEFEI INSTITUTES OF PHYSICAL SCIENCE - CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

However, 241 The half-life of Am is about 400 years, and its specific power is relatively low; at the same time, the existing 241 Am reserves are limited, and the United States has separated 241 The amount of Am is less than 50kg, which is only enough to arrange a limited number of space missions, and cannot fundamentally solve the problem of RTG radioactive sources used in deep space. 238 The current situation of tight supply of Pu
However, the use of dynamic components reduces the stability of the power system and limits its application range

Method used

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  • Composite isotope battery integrating photoelectric conversion and thermoelectric conversion
  • Composite isotope battery integrating photoelectric conversion and thermoelectric conversion
  • Composite isotope battery integrating photoelectric conversion and thermoelectric conversion

Examples

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Embodiment 1

[0037] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a novel composite isotope battery integrating photoelectric and thermoelectric conversion in this embodiment includes: a beta radioactive gaseous light source 1, a photovoltaic conversion module 2 and a thermoelectric conversion module 3; wherein, the beta radioactive gaseous light source 1 uses The particles released by the decay of radioactive substances excite photons, which are used to act as light sources, and the energy of unused decay particles and photons will be mostly converted into heat energy in the form of phonons, which are used as heat sources; the photovoltaic conversion module 2 exists in the beta radioactive source. The inside of the gaseous light source 1 is used to receive the light energy released by the beta radioactive gaseous light source, and realize the photoelectric conversion of the beta radioactive gaseous light source through the photovoltaic conversion effect; the thermoelectric conversion module 3 is connected to...

Embodiment 2

[0046] This example is used to illustrate the final energy conversion efficiency of the novel composite isotope battery integrating photoelectric and thermoelectric conversion in the above-mentioned Example 1.

[0047] The gaseous beta radiation source 4 is 3 H 2 / Xe mixed gas, the size is (r=8.0cm, h=15.0cm), 3 The H activity is 1MCi and the pressure is 33MPa. 3 H 2 Spontaneous decay of beta particles excited to form an excimer Xe 2 * , it will release fluorescent photons with an energy of about 7.2eV; the sealed container 5 is made of stainless steel with a thickness of 1.0cm; the shield 6 is made of aluminum with a thickness of 0.1cm; the thermal insulation system 7 is made of an inner layer with a thickness of 1.0cm Fiber insulation material, the outer layer is 0.4cm thick metal foil.

[0048] The specific number of the several sidewall photovoltaic conversion units 8 is 30. The photovoltaic conversion units are aluminum nitride ultra-wide bandgap semiconductor photo...

Embodiment 3

[0052] A novel composite isotope battery integrating photoelectric and thermoelectric conversion in this embodiment adopts the device of Embodiment 1; the method includes the following steps:

[0053] The gaseous beta radiation source 4 is 85 Kr / Br 2 Mixed gas, the size is (r=12cm, h=15cm), the mixed gas contains 99% of 85 Kr and 1% Br 2 , 85 The Kr activity is 500kCi and the pressure is 28MPa. 85Kr spontaneous decay of β particles excited to form an excimer KrBr * , its de-excitation will regenerate krypton and bromine, and at the same time release fluorescent photons with an energy of about 6.0eV; the sealed container 5 is made of stainless steel with a thickness of 1.5cm; the shield 6 is an inner layer of 0.5cm thick aluminum and an outer Layer 0.5cm thick lead composition; insulation system 7 material is composed of fifty layers of aluminized film.

[0054] The specific number of the several sidewall photovoltaic conversion units 8 is 40, the photovoltaic conversion ...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a composite isotope battery integrating photoelectric conversion and thermoelectric conversion. The composite isotope battery comprises a beta radioactive gaseous light source, a photovoltaic conversion module and a temperature difference thermoelectric conversion module, the beta radioactive gaseous light source is excited by beta particles released by decay of the gaseous beta radioactive source to form a gaseous excimer, the gaseous excimer is back excited to form a light source, and energy of decay particles and photons which are not utilized is converted into heat energy to form a heat source; the photovoltaic conversion module is arranged in the beta radioactive gaseous light source to realize photoelectric conversion of the beta radioactive gaseous light source; the temperature difference thermoelectric conversion module is connected with the beta radioactive gaseous light source and used for receiving heat energy released by the beta radioactive gaseous light source and achieving thermoelectric conversion of the beta radioactive gaseous light source. The decay energy which is not converted by the photovoltaic conversion module serves as a heat source of the temperature difference thermoelectric conversion module, heat energy of the beta radioactive gaseous light source is efficiently recycled, the energy conversion efficiency is improved by more than five times compared with a traditional radioactive isotope temperature difference generator, and the power supply requirements of unattended equipment, instruments and the like facing deep space, deep sea and the like are met.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of isotope batteries, in particular to a composite isotope battery integrating photoelectric and thermoelectric conversion. Background technique [0002] With the rapid development of modern aerospace and deep-sea exploration technology, its power supply system is required to have the characteristics of no replacement, high specific power density, long working life and strong environmental adaptability, in order to meet the requirements of unattended operation, especially for deep space and deep sea. Power supply requirements for application scenarios such as equipment and meters. [0003] Radioisotope thermoelectric generator (RTG) is an ideal power supply system for deep space and deep sea missions. RTG uses the Seebeck effect to convert the decay energy of radioactive sources into electrical energy, and has no dynamic components. It is an isotope battery with the most mature technology and the highest wo...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): G21H1/06G21H1/10
CPCG21H1/06G21H1/103Y02E10/50
Inventor 任雷陈春花韩运成张佳辰郁杰何厚军
Owner HEFEI INSTITUTES OF PHYSICAL SCIENCE - CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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