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Method of hydrogen generation for fuel cell applications and a hydrogen-generating system

A device-in-device and generator technology that is applied in the field of hydrogen generators and can solve problems such as restrictions, icing, and danger

Inactive Publication Date: 2003-08-27
MCGILL UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0017] All hydrolysis reactions also have a common problem: the use of water limits the temperature range of the hydrogen generator to above 0°C to avoid freezing of the water
However, in cold weather, when using hydrolysis reaction-based hydrogen generators outdoors, a "cold start-up" (cold start-up) at temperatures below -20°C, or even below -40°C is required, and this limitation will be dangerous
[0018] It can be seen from the above that at present, none of the above hydrogen generation and storage methods can be used as a completely effective, safe and reliable hydrogen source for fuel cells.
All of the above methods are severely limited, therefore, other alternative methods of generating hydrogen are needed

Method used

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  • Method of hydrogen generation for fuel cell applications and a hydrogen-generating system

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Embodiment Construction

[0021] The present invention relates to a new method of generating hydrogen, especially for a fuel cell device. In this method, hydrogen is generated by the chemical reaction of metal hydrides with alcohols. The metal hydride may be a simple metal hydride or a complex metal hydride. When it is a simple metal hydride, the reaction proceeds as the basic reaction of hydrogen generation by the following reaction:

[0022]

[0023] Among them, MH x Is a simple metal hydride, ROH is an alcohol. In the above metal hydrides, M can be, for example, such as Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca, Be, Sr, K, Nb, Zr or Ti; R can be an alkyl group of from 1 to 10 carbon atoms A group, preferably an alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms, for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, or tert-butyl. X is specified as an integer from 1 to 4.

[0024] In this reaction, a metal atom (M) from a hydride replaces a hydrogen in an alcoholic hydroxyl g...

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Abstract

Fuel cell (FC) is one of chemical power sources and is characterized in that it is capable of converting chemical energy directly to electric energy by inputting negative active materials (fuels, to be oxidated) and positive active materials (oxidant, such as air or oxygen generally) deposited outside the cell into two poles of the cell, wherein the energy conversion is not limited by heat engine efficiency and can reach 100% in theory, and it is not necessary to charge the cell. If the fuel used is hydrogen, the exhaust gas discharged is water, without polluting the environment, therefore such a fuel cell is a perfect energy conversion device which can be used in a middle or mini type power station for replacing a heat engine and can be used as a power supply for an electromotion vehicle, space navigation or remote areas. Such a fuel cell is even used for generating electricity by utilizing some chemical reactions in chemical plants (such as that chloride and hydrogen react to synthesis hydrogen chloride in chlor-alkali industry to reclaim one part energy).

Description

technical field [0001] The invention discloses a method for generating hydrogen that can be used in a fuel cell device. The method is completed based on the reaction of metal hydrides and alcohols. The invention also relates to a hydrogen generation device utilizing the above reaction. Background technique [0002] Fuel cells require a continuous supply of hydrogen and oxygen to generate electricity. Currently, however, hydrogen storage and replenishment are the main limiting steps in the use of fuel cell systems. When it is used in vehicles, on the road, between refueling, it needs a lot of hydrogen, even up to several kilograms. However, today's methods for storing hydrogen not only don't provide enough hydrogen capacity, or hydrogen bulk density, to make it competitive with gasoline-burning vehicles, but they have additional serious drawbacks. For example, compressed hydrogen tanks operate at very high hydrogen pressures, typically 350-700 atmospheres, which pose very s...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C01B3/22C01B3/06H01M8/065
CPCH01M8/065B01J7/02Y02E60/362B01J2208/00106C07F7/006B01J2208/00548Y02E60/50B01J2219/182C01B3/065C07F7/003Y02E60/36
Inventor 莱塞克·扎武斯基阿莉恰·扎卢斯卡约翰·奥拉夫·斯特罗姆-奥尔森
Owner MCGILL UNIV
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