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Removal of chloramines from drinking water with improved activated carbon

A technology of activated carbon and chloramine, applied in the direction of water pollutants, carbon compounds, non-polluting water treatment, etc., can solve problems such as unsatisfactory, poor performance, and inability to remove chloramine

Inactive Publication Date: 2005-08-10
MEADWESTVACO CORP
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, it has been found in practice that products manufactured according to the teachings of this patent are not effective in removing chloramines from drinking water
Furthermore, even attempting to reproduce the solid block commercial product based on the '458 patent (Centaur  ) poor performance, also unsatisfactory

Method used

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  • Removal of chloramines from drinking water with improved activated carbon
  • Removal of chloramines from drinking water with improved activated carbon
  • Removal of chloramines from drinking water with improved activated carbon

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0027] 400 g of water containing chloramine (approximately 3 ppm) was equilibrated at 21°C. A 200 mg (± 1%) sample of carbon was added to the stirred solution and a stopwatch was started to record the elapsed time. 10 ml aliquots of the carbon / water suspension were withdrawn at periodic intervals and immediately filtered to remove carbon from the treated water. The actual filtration time of the carbon / water suspension aliquot was recorded as the elapsed time for that aliquot. The aqueous filtrate was analyzed for chloramine content immediately after collection of aliquots of the entire carbon / water suspension. The filtrate was treated one at a time, and the DPD (N,N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine) reagent "pillow" (Hach Company, catalog number 21056-69) for the determination of total chloramine was added to the filtrate (10 ml ), the sample was shaken for 20 seconds to develop the characteristic magenta color of the DPD-oxidation product "Wurster's dye". Measure the absorbance ...

Embodiment 2

[0032] Use equivalent catalytic carbon product, i.e. 200mg, measure embodiment 1 ( figure 1 and performance data discussed in Table 1). However, POE and POU filters for water treatment contain specific standard size filter elements and thus can accommodate a defined fixed volume of filter media. Depending on the nature of the precursor materials used to produce the carbon product, the densities of the different catalytic carbon products can vary widely, resulting in varying weights for each product in a fixed volume cartridge. For the cases discussed, the inventive carbon is produced from wood, while the Centaur product is produced from coal. For comparable particle sizes, ie > 90% - 325 mesh, the apparent density of the coal-based Centaur product is about twice that of the wood-based inventive carbon. In practice, this means that, in this example, a given volume of cartridge can hold twice the weight of Centaur product as wood-based carbon.

[0033] For illustration purpo...

Embodiment 3

[0038] The t-3 / 4-time is defined (US5338458, 5356849 and 5470748): the time at which three-quarters (75%) of the maximum temperature rise occurs during the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide by the carbon material. It is assumed that this time corresponds to the decomposition of 75% of the hydrogen peroxide present. In the "t-3 / 4 time" surrogate test used to characterize the catalytic activity of the carbon products of this invention, the decomposition of the hydrogen peroxide solution is monitored by weight loss due to oxygen evolution. Consistent with the definition of Calgon's carbon, it is assumed that "t-3 / 4 time" corresponds to the time at which the theoretical weight of oxygen is reduced by 75% due to the decomposition of the hydrogen peroxide present. The carbon weight, hydrogen peroxide solution volume, and hydrogen peroxide solution concentration are similar to those employed in the Calgon carbon test. Similarly, the reaction medium is buffered to pH7.

[0039] The...

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Abstract

This application discloses a method for enhanced removal of chloramines from a fluid media by contacting said media with a catalytic activated carbon. The catalytic activated carbons used in the present invention may be prepared from carbon materials that have been contacted or otherwise exposed to nitrogen-containing compounds at temperatures above 700 DEG C, and preferably are derived from a lignocellulosic material and in the form of a solid carbon block. Future, the invention method achieves greater than 65% chloramine removal from the fluid media.

Description

Background of the invention [0001] 1. field of invention [0002] This invention relates to improvements in the use of highly efficient, catalytically activated carbons for the removal of chloramines from chloramine-containing liquid streams. In particular, the present application relates to the use of high efficiency, catalytically activated carbon block filters for the removal of chloramines in chloramine-containing streams. [0003] 2. Description of prior art [0004] While chlorination makes America's water supply free of disease from bacteria, viruses, and parasites, the formation of trihalomethanes, an unhealthy byproduct of chlorinated water containing natural organic matter, increases the risk of cancer. One way to reduce the risk of cancer is to switch from chlorine disinfection to chloramine disinfection. Chloramines are formed by the reaction of ammonia and chlorine. Therefore, ammonia (NH 3 ) into the chlorination system to convert chlorine into chlorami...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): B01D15/00B01J20/20B01J20/30B01J21/18B01J37/08C01B32/336C02F1/28C02F1/72C02F1/76
CPCC02F1/72C02F2303/185B01J20/20C02F2101/38C02F1/288B01J20/28042C02F1/722C02F2103/02C02F1/725C01B31/10B01J21/18C02F1/283B01J20/3078B01J20/3042B01J37/084C01B32/336
Inventor F·S·贝克J·F·布赖恩
Owner MEADWESTVACO CORP
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