Methods and formulations for delivery of pharmacologically active agents

a technology methods, applied in the field of in vivo delivery of biologics, can solve the problems of poor solubility, small volume of administration, and tendency to produce severe allergic and other side effects, and achieve the effects of reducing reducing the side effects of paclitaxel, and facilitating the delivery of pharmacologically active agents

Inactive Publication Date: 2006-11-16
ABRAXIS BIOSCI LLC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0050] The literature suggests that particles in the low hundred nanometer size range preferentially partition into tumors through leaky blood vessels at the tumor site. The colloidal particles of paclitaxel in the Capxol™ formulation may therefore show a preferential targeting effect, greatly reducing the side effects of paclitaxel administered in the BMS formulation.
[0051] Therefore, it is a primary object of the present invention to provide a new formulation of paclitaxel that provides the above desirable characteristics.
[0052] It is another object of the present invention to provide a new formulation of paclitaxel that localizes paclitaxel in certain tissues, thereby providing higher anticancer activity at these sites.
[0053] It is another object of the invention to administer paclitaxel at concentrations greater than about 2 mg / ml in order to reduce infusion volumes.
[0054] It is also an object of the invention to provide a formulation of paclitaxel that is free of the Taxol vehicle.
[0055] It is yet another object of the invention to provide a formulation of paclitaxel that improves the quality of life of patients receiving Taxol for the treatment of cancer.

Problems solved by technology

The major limitation of Taxol is its poor solubility and consequently the BMS formulation contains 50% Cremaphor E L and 50% ethanol as the solubilizing vehicle.
This can result in fairly small volumes of administration.
A disadvantage of such known compositions is their propensity to produce severe allergic and other side effects.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

Preparation of Protein Shell-Containing Oil

[0085] Three ml of a USP (United States Pharmacopeia) 5% human serum albumin solution (Alpha Therapeutic Corporation) were taken in a cylindrical vessel that could be attached to a sonicating probe (Heat Systems, Model XL2020). The albumin solution was overlayered with 6.5 ml of USP grade soybean oil (soya oil). The tip of the sonicator probe was brought to the interface between the two solutions and the assembly was maintained in a cooling bath at 20° C. The system was allowed to equilibriate and the sonicator turned on for 30 seconds vigorous mixing occurred and a white milky suspension was obtained. The suspension was diluted 1:5 with normal saline. A particle counter (Particle Data Systems, Elzone, Model 280 PC) was utilized to determine size distribution and concentration of oil-containing protein shells. The resulting protein shells were determined to have a maximum cross-sectional dimension of about 1.35±0.73 microns, and the total ...

example 2

Preparation of Polymeric Shells Containing Dissolved Taxol

[0087] Taxol was dissolved in USP grade soybean oil at a concentration of 2 mg / ml. 3 ml of a USP 5% human serum albumin solution was taken in a cylindrical vessel that could be attached to a sonicating probe. The albumin solution was overlayered with 6.5 ml of soybean oil / taxol solution. The tip of the sonicator probe was brought to the interface between the two solutions and the assembly was maintained in equilibrium and the sonicator turned on for 30 seconds. Vigorous mixing occurred and a stable white milky suspension was obtained which contained protein-walled polymeric shells enclosing the oil / taxol solution.

[0088] In order to obtain a higher loading of drug into the crosslinked protein shell, a mutual solvent for the oil and the drug (in which the drug has a considerably higher solubility) can be mixed with the oil. Provided this solvent is relatively non-toxic (e.g., ethyl acetate), it may be injected along with the ...

example 3

In Vivo Biodistribution - - - Crosslinked Protein Shells Containing a Fluorophore

[0090] To determine the uptake and biodistribution of liquid entrapped within protein polymeric shells after intravenous injection, a fluorescent dye (rubrene, available from Aldrich) was entrapped within a human serum albumin (HSA) protein polymeric shell and used as a marker. Thus, rubrene was dissolved in toluene, and albumin shells containing toluene / rubrene were prepared as described above by ultrasonic irradiation. The resulting milky suspension was diluted five times in normal saline. Two ml of the diluted suspension was then injected into the tail vein of a rat over 10 minutes. One animal was sacrificed an hour after injection and another 24 hours after injection.

[0091] 100 micron frozen sections of lung, liver, kidney, spleen, and bone marrow were examined under a fluorescent microscope for the presence of polymeric shell-entrapped fluorescent dye or released dye. At one hour, the majority of...

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Abstract

In accordance with the present invention, there are provided compositions and methods useful for the in vivo delivery of a pharmaceutically active agent, wherein the agent is associated with a polymeric biocompatible material.

Description

RELATED APPLICATIONS [0001] This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Ser. No. 08 / 485,448, filed Jun. 7, 1995, now pending, which is, in turn, a continuation-in-part of U.S. Ser. No. 08 / 200,235, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 5,498,421, which is, in turn, a continuation-in-part of U.S. Ser. No. 08 / 023,698, filed Feb. 22, 1993, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 5,439,686, and U.S. Ser. No. 08 / 035,150, filed Mar. 26, 1993, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 5,362,478, the contents of each of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0002] The present invention relates to in vivo delivery of biologics such as the anticancer drug paclitaxel. The invention relates to the method of use and preparation of compositions (formulations) of drugs such as the anticancer agent paclitaxel. In one aspect, the formulation of paclitaxel, known as Capxol, has been found to be significantly less toxic and more efficacious than TAXOL, a commercially available formulat...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): A61K38/39A61K38/13A61K31/337A61K9/14A61L9/04A23L33/00A61K9/00A61K9/50A61K9/51A61K47/48A61K49/18A61K49/22
CPCA23L1/296A61K9/0026A61K9/0073A61K9/5052A61K9/5169B82Y5/00A61K38/13A61K38/38A61K47/48369A61K47/488A61K47/48876A61K31/337A23L33/40A61K47/68A61K47/6907A61K47/6927
Inventor DESAI, NEIL P.SOON-SHIONG, PATRICK
Owner ABRAXIS BIOSCI LLC
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