Conjugate vaccines for the prevention of dental caries

a technology of conjugating vaccines and caries, which is applied in the direction of antibody medical ingredients, transferases, immunological disorders, etc., can solve the problems of tooth loss, the possibility of controlling caries by active immunization is currently under intensive investigation, and none of these vaccines has, by itself, proved., and achieves the effect of enhancing the antigenicity of glucan

Inactive Publication Date: 2007-03-22
LEES ANDREW +2
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, once this toehold is established, vast numbers of bacteria may accumulate on the tooth surface as dental plaque.
Rather, and for reasons that are not entirely understood, newly erupted dental surfaces do not usually support the attachment of mutans, but are often colonized by noncariogenic S. sanguis.
Moreover, the tooth decay generated by these bacteria represent the principal cause of tooth loss among adults below the age of forty.
Thus, the possibility of controlling this caries by active immunization is currently under intensive investigation.
None of these vaccines has, by themselves, proved to be a panacea against cariogenic infection.

Method used

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  • Conjugate vaccines for the prevention of dental caries
  • Conjugate vaccines for the prevention of dental caries
  • Conjugate vaccines for the prevention of dental caries

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

Preparation of Glucan Conjugates

Preparation of GTFs:

[0079] GTFs may be purified as described in Smith et al., Infect. Immun., 55:2562-69 (1987); Smith et al., Infect. Immun. 61:2899-2905 (1993); Taubman et al., J. Oral. Pathol. 17:466-70 (1988); and Taubman et al., Infect. Immun. 63:3088-93 (1995), incorporated by reference. Briefly, S. sobrinus 6715 or S. mutans SJ32 are grown in glucose-containing defined media, GTFs, generally comprising GTF-I, GTF-U, and GTF-S, are isolated from culture media by affinity chromatography on Sephadex G-100 (Pharmacia), with 3 M guanidine HCl as the eluting solvent. GTF-rich eluate is applied to fast-performance liquid chromatography on Superose 6 (Pharmacia) with 3 M guanidine HCl for Elution.

Preparation of Streptococcal Mutans Glucans:

[0080] WIG and WSG are prepared as follows: S. mutans, or S. sobrinis 6715 are grown overnight in defined medium containing sucrose, then centrifuged to remove bacterial cells. The cell-free medium containing G...

example 2

Immunogenicity of Streptococcal Mutans Glucans

[0114] Groups of 3 Sprague-Dawley rats were immunized with 1 or 10 μg of WIG, or WSG, or PBS, each incorporated in Freund's adjuvant (DIFCO). Animals were inoculated by subcutaneous injection in the vicinity of the the salivary gland and lymph nodes on day 0 in complete adjuvant, and on day 14 in incomplete adjuvant. Serum and saliva samples were extracted on d14 and d29 and tested for IgG and IgA reactivity with S. sobrinus glucan.

[0115] The Sprague-Dawley rats used herein are derived from germ-free rats that had been reared in the Area 051 isolator facility of Charles River Laboratories and been found to be free of indigenous mutans streptococci. These rats served as the foundation breeding stock for the dams used in these experiments and are regularly monitored for the absence of mutans streptococci. The mutans-free progeny of the dams are weaned at approximately 21 days and are subsequently fed high-sucrose diet 2000. Taubman and S...

example 3

Enhanced Immunogenicity of Glucan Conjugate Vaccines

[0118] Gnotobiotic Sprague-Dawley rats were immunized subcutaneously in the salivary gland vicinity with PBS, WIG, WSG, Tt, or the Tt conjugates described in Example 1. All polysaccharide inocula were used at doses of 1 or 10 μg (PS Dose). As controls, 1 or 10 μg of tetanus toxoid was injected into Tt animals as controls. Rats were immunized on day 0 with antigen in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) and boosted on d14 with the same dose of antigen suspended in incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA). Saliva and blood taken from tail veins are collected on d28 and d42 and analyzed for levels of IgG (blood) and IgA (saliva) reactive with WIG, WSG, and Tt.

[0119] The compilation of the serum antibody titer data presented in Table I. The results of additional experiments using WSG-GTF conjugates is presented in FIG. 1. In addition, WSG-Tt and WSG-GTF conjugates additionally comprising mutans-derived peptide moities will be prepared.

T cell...

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Abstract

The present invention provides glucan-based compositions and methods for stimulating an immune response against mutans streptococci components and vaccines and methods for the treatment and prevention of dental caries. In a preferred embodiment, a glucan polymer, preferably WSG, is covalently bound to one or more T cell-dependent antigens to form a conjugate vaccine. The T cell-dependent antigen preferably contains epitopes of one or more mutans streptococcal proteins, such as a glucosyltransferase. Moreover, one or more moieties, including haptens, may be conjugated to the glucan or to the glucan-T cell-dependent composition. In a preferred embodiment, these moieties are peptides which contain immunogenic epitopes corresponding to components of a mutans streptococcus.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION [0001] This application is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 09 / 288,965, filed Apr. 9, 1999, which is specifically incorporated by reference.GOVERNMENT INTEREST [0002] This invention was made with Government support under NIH grant no. DE-04733 awarded by the National Institutes of Health. The U.S. Government has certain rights in the invention.FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0003] The present invention relates to the methods of increasing the immunogenicity of glucan epitopes and associated components, preferably, by the preparation of conjugate vaccines comprised of glucan polysaccharides and T cell-dependent antigens, preferably derived from cariogenic Streptococci. In a preferred embodiment, the T cell-dependent antigen is a mutans streptococcal glucose binding protein or glucosyltransferase, fragment, peptide, or combination thereof. The immunogenic compositions of the present invention may be useful in the prevention of dental caries...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): A61K39/09C12N15/09A61K31/716A61K38/45A61K39/39A61P1/02A61P37/04C07K14/315C07K14/33C12N9/10C12N15/54
CPCA61K39/092A61K2039/55566A61K2039/6037A61K2039/6068A61K2039/627Y10S424/831C07K14/33C12N9/1051Y10S530/806Y10S514/835C07K14/315A61P1/02A61P37/04
Inventor LEES, ANDREWSMITH, DANIEL J.TAUBMAN, MARTIN A.
Owner LEES ANDREW
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