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Synthesis of shape-specific transition metal nanoparticles

a transition metal and nanoparticle technology, applied in the field of colloidal particle production, can solve the problems of dramatic (5-to-20-fold) enhancement of fuel cell performance, and the prior art method is applicable only for very small-scale production of nanoparticles

Inactive Publication Date: 2007-03-29
LUKEHART CHARLES M +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0010] The above and other objects are realized by the present invention, one embodiment of which relates to a method of producing colloidal, shaped nanoparticles of a transition metal or alloys thereof, said method comprising reducing ions of at least one transition metal in an aque...

Problems solved by technology

Although the above described synthesis strategies afford Pt—Ru / carbon nanocomposites showing significant improvement in DMFC performance, dramatic (5- to 20-fold) enhancement of fuel cell performance was not achieved via this approach.
Moreover, the prior art methods are applicable only for very small-scale production of nanoparticles.

Method used

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  • Synthesis of shape-specific transition metal nanoparticles
  • Synthesis of shape-specific transition metal nanoparticles
  • Synthesis of shape-specific transition metal nanoparticles

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

[0031] Potassium hexaiodoplatinate (IV) was purchased from Alfa Aesar (Ward Hill, Mass.), N,N-dimethylglycine was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St. Louis, Mo.), potassium hydroxide was purchased from EMD Chemicals, Inc. (Gibbstown, N.J.), and distilled water was purchased from Fisher Scientific International, Inc. (Hampton, N.H.).

[0032] The water used in this experiment was degassed by bubbling argon through it for about 15 minutes. A 100 mL aqueous solution at pH 10 was then prepared that was 0.1 mM K2PtI6 and 0.6 mM N,N-dimethylglycine. This solution was sealed in a 250 mL round-bottom flask with a rubber septum and hydrogen gas was then bubbled through it for several minutes. Completion of the reaction was indicated by the solution attaining a golden hue, at which point it had become a colloid containing tetrahedral platinum nanocrystals.

[0033] The shapes of the resulting platinum nanocrystals were verified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Their composition as pla...

example 2

[0034] The chemical reagents used in this example are the same as in Example 1 except that N,N-dimethylglycine had been replaced by glycine purchased from Fisher Scientific International, Inc. (Hampton, N.H.).

[0035] The water used in this experiment was degassed by bubbling argon through it for about 15 minutes. A 100 mL aqueous solution at pH 10 was then prepared that was 0.1 mM K2PtI6 and 0.6 mM glycine. This solution was sealed in a 250 mL round-bottom flask with a rubber septum and hydrogen gas was then bubbled through it for several minutes. Completion of the reaction was indicated by the solution attaining a golden hue, at which point it had become a colloid containing tetrahedral platinum nanocrystals.

[0036] The shapes of the resulting platinum nanocrystals were verified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Their composition as platinum was verified by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) while the sample was in the TEM instrument. Samples were prepared for TEM analys...

example 3

[0037] The chemical reagents used in this example are the same as in Example 1 except that N,N-dimethylglycine had been replaced by N-methylglycine (sarcosine) purchased from Acros Organics (Geel, Belgium).

[0038] The water used in this experiment was degassed by bubbling argon through it for about 15 minutes. A 100 mL aqueous solution at pH 10 was then prepared that was 0.1 mM K2PtI6 and 0.6 mM N-methylglycine (sarcosine). This solution was sealed in a 250 mL round-bottom flask with a rubber septum and hydrogen gas was then bubbled through it for several minutes. Completion of the reaction was indicated by the solution attaining a golden hue, at which point it had become a colloid containing tetrahedral platinum nanocrystals.

[0039] The shapes of the resulting platinum nanocrystals were verified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Their composition as platinum was verified by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) while the sample was in the TEM instrument. Samples were prepar...

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Abstract

A method of producing colloidal, shaped nanoparticles of a transition metal or alloys thereof, comprising reducing ions of at least one transition metal in an aqueous solution thereof in the presence of at least one compound, which, at its isoelectric point, is a zwitterion and / or at least one small, non-polymeric anion and the nanoparticles produced thereby.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present invention relates generally to the production of colloidal particles. More specifically, the present invention relates to the production of metal nanoparticles of various shapes and sizes for use in applications, for example but not limited to, catalysis. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] There is a vast electrochemical literature and technology base associated with the development of PEM (polymer-electrolyte membrane) or DMFC (direct methanol fuel cell) electrocatalysts. There currently exist strategies for preparing carbon-supported Pt—Ru or other Pt-M alloy nanocomposite materials as anode electrocatalysts for DMFCs or as CO— tolerant PEM electrocatalysts. Although the above described synthesis strategies afford Pt—Ru / carbon nanocomposites showing significant improvement in DMFC performance, dramatic (5- to 20-fold) enhancement of fuel cell performance was not achieved via this approach. Recent advances in electrocatalysis and surface sc...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): B22F9/24B22F1/0545
CPCB22F1/0022B22F9/24B22F2998/00B22F2001/0037B82Y30/00B22F1/0018B22F1/0014B22F1/0553B22F1/0545B22F1/052B22F1/054
Inventor LUKEHART, CHARLES M.MICHEL, JASON A.
Owner LUKEHART CHARLES M
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