Method and apparatus for irradiating a surface with pulsed light

a surface and pulsed light technology, applied in radiation therapy, therapy, therapeutic cooling, etc., can solve the problems of reducing the effect of radiation therapy, affecting the quality of life of patients, so as to enhance, restore or promote cell survival, cell function, cell function, and cell survival

Inactive Publication Date: 2009-10-08
PHOTOTHERA IP HLDG
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0013]In certain embodiments, a method of treating a patient who has experienced a traumatic brain injury is provided. The method comprises noninvasively irradiating at least a portion of the patient's scalp or skull with pulsed light penetrating the patient's skull to irradiate and stimulate brain cells of the patient. The pulsed light has a temporal profile comprising an average irradiance per pulse, a temporal pulse width, and a pulse duty cycle. The temporal profile is selected to modulate membrane potentials in order to enhance, restore, or promote cell survival, cell function, or both of the irradiated brain cells following the traumatic brain injury.

Problems solved by technology

Most of these conditions cause significant morbidity and mortality and involve tremendous burden to society, families and caregivers.
Many neurologic conditions have no currently available effective therapies or the therapies that are available are not adequate to restore functional recovery, sustain quality of life, or halt disease progression.
The consequence of stroke is a loss of function in the affected brain region and concomitant loss of bodily function in areas of the body controlled by the affected brain region.
Lifestyle factors such as smoking, diet, level of physical activity and high cholesterol increase the risk of stroke, and thus stroke is a major cause of human suffering in developed nations.
Stroke treatment is often restricted to providing basic life support at the time of the stroke, followed by rehabilitation.
However, tPA can only be used within three hours of stroke onset and has several contraindications, therefore, only a small percentage of stroke victims receive this drug.
For example, a sudden and / or violent blow to the head or an object piercing the skull and entering brain tissue can result in TBI.
TBI can result in a sudden disruption of blood flow to a discrete area of the brain.
The consequence of stroke or TBI can be a loss of function in the affected brain region and concomitant loss of bodily function in areas of the body controlled by the affected brain region.

Method used

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  • Method and apparatus for irradiating a surface with pulsed light
  • Method and apparatus for irradiating a surface with pulsed light
  • Method and apparatus for irradiating a surface with pulsed light

Examples

Experimental program
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example wearable

Apparatus

[0195]FIG. 23 schematically illustrates an example apparatus 500 which is wearable by a patient for treating the patient's brain. The apparatus 500 comprises a body 510 and a plurality of indicators 520. The body 510 is adapted to be worn over at least a portion of the patient's scalp when the apparatus 500 is worn by the patient. The plurality of indicators 520 correspond to a plurality of treatment site location at the patient's scalp where light is to be applied to irradiate at least a portion of the patient's brain. At least one indicator 520 comprises a portion of the body which is substantially transmissive (e.g., substantially transparent or substantially translucent) to light emitted from the emission surface 22 to irradiate at least a portion of the patient's brain.

[0196]In certain embodiments, at least one of the indicators 520 denotes a position within an area of the patient's scalp corresponding to a treatment site location. In certain such embodiments, the posi...

example 1

Phototherapy Example 1

[0266]One example of phototherapy (Lampl Y, Zivin J A, Fisher M, Lew R. Welin L, Dahlof B, Borenstein P, Andersson B, Perez 1, Caparo C, Ilic S, Oron U. Infrared laser therapy for ischemic stroke: a new treatment strategy: Results of the NeuroThera Effectiveness and Safety Trial-1 (NEST-1). Stroke. 2007; 38:1843-1849, incorporated in its entirety by reference herein, suggested the safety and efficacy of transcranial light therapy (TLT) for treatment of humans 40 to 85 years of age with ischemic stroke within 24 hours of stroke onset in a small randomized, controlled trial. The NeuroThera Laser System therapeutic approach involves use of infrared laser technology and has shown significant and sustained beneficial effects in animal models of ischemic stroke.

[0267]The NeuroThera Laser System (NTS) used in this NEST-1 study utilized an infrared laser technology that involves photobiostimulation. A large and growing body of scientific literature is available documen...

example 2

Phototherapy Example 2

[0306]Another example of phototherapy (NeuroThera Effectiveness and Safety Trial-2 (NEST-2) was nearly identical to the trial study discussed above, but was larger and included patients 40 to 90 years of age. NEST-2 was a double blind, placebo (sham) controlled trial in which 660 patients were enrolled at 57 centers in 4 countries. Patients were eligible for inclusion in the study if they were 40 to 90 years of age, had a baseline NIHSS score between 7 to 22, had a clinical diagnosis of ischemic stroke, no evidence of hemorrhagic infarct by CT scan or MRI, and had not received tPA. Initiation of treatment had to occur within 24 hours after stroke onset. The inclusion and exclusion criteria are summarized in Table 8.

TABLE 8Major Inclusion and Exclusion CriteriaInclusion40-90 years of ageDiagnosis of acute ischemic stroke within 24 hours of onsetNIHSS ≧7-≦22Informed consentExclusionEvidence of intracranial, subdural, or subarachnoid hemorrhagePrestroke ≧3 mRSClin...

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Abstract

A method and apparatus irradiates a surface with at least one pulsed light beam emitted from an emission surface of an optical element. The at least one pulsed light beam comprises a plurality of pulses having a temporal pulsewidth in a range between about 0.1 millisecond and about 150 seconds. The at least one pulsed light beam has a beam cross-sectional area at the emission surface greater than about 2 cm2 and a time-averaged irradiance in a range between about 1 mW / cm2 and about 100 W / cm2.

Description

CLAIM OF PRIORITY[0001]This application is a continuation-in-part from U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12 / 389,294, filed Feb. 20, 2009, which is incorporated in its entirety by reference herein. This application also claims the benefit of priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 61 / 037,668, filed Mar. 18, 2008, which is incorporated in its entirety by reference herein.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0002]1. Field of the Invention[0003]The present invention relates in general to phototherapy, and more particularly, to novel apparatuses and methods for phototherapy of brain tissue.[0004]2. Description of the Related Art[0005]There are numerous neurologic conditions, such as neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease), Huntington's disease, demyelinating diseases (e.g., multiple sclerosis), cranial nerve palsies, traumatic brain injury, stroke, and spinal cord injury which could possibly benefit from application of phototherapy. Most of these conditions...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): A61N5/06A61F7/00
CPCA61N5/0613A61N2005/007A61N2005/0659A61N2005/0647A61N2005/0644
Inventor DE TABOADA, LUISSTREETER, JACKSON
Owner PHOTOTHERA IP HLDG
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