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Hydrogen storage alloy, preparation process thereof, and hydrogen storage device

a technology of hydrogen storage and alloy, which is applied in the field of hydrogen storage alloy, preparation process thereof, and hydrogen storage device, can solve the problem of small hydrogen storage amount per weight, and achieve the effects of increasing initial effective hydrogen amount, increasing plateau pressure, and improving cycle durability

Inactive Publication Date: 2010-09-16
TOYOTA CENT RES & DEV LAB INC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The invention provides a hydrogen storage alloy with high initial effective hydrogen amount and excellent cycle durability. The alloy has a bcc structure phase with a composition represented by the formula (1). The preparation process includes melting / casting, heat-treating, and activation steps. The hydrogen storage device includes the alloy, a container, and a heat exchanger for controlling the temperature of the alloy. The Cr / Ti ratio and the amount of V can be optimized to increase the initial effective hydrogen amount and improve cycle durability without decreasing the maximum hydrogen amount.

Problems solved by technology

Of these, LaNi5 and TiFe alloy have a problem that a hydrogen storage amount per weight is small.
According to the document, when the alloy composition is optimized, hydrogen absorbed in the alloy in a low-pressure plateau region or a lower plateau region of a sloping plateau becomes unstable, making it possible to release hydrogen from these regions.

Method used

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  • Hydrogen storage alloy, preparation process thereof, and hydrogen storage device
  • Hydrogen storage alloy, preparation process thereof, and hydrogen storage device
  • Hydrogen storage alloy, preparation process thereof, and hydrogen storage device

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

examples 1 to 6

, Comparative Examples 1 to 3

1. Preparation of Sample

[0101]Raw materials mixed at a predetermined ratio were arc-melted to obtain an ingot. The ingot thus obtained was heat-treated at 1300 to 1350° C. in an Ar atmosphere. The alloy thus heat-treated is then subjected to activation treatment once at 300 to 450° C.

2. Test Method

2.1. X-Ray Diffraction

[0102]The X-ray diffraction measurement of the alloy subjected to the heat-treatment was performed. From the resulting X-ray diffraction pattern, a lattice constant was determined.

2.2. Hydrogen Storage / Release Characteristics

[0103]The pressure-composition isotherm measurement of the alloy subjected to the activation treatment was performed for 10 cycles at a temperature from −20° C. to a room temperature. Based on the initial effective hydrogen amount and the effective hydrogen amount at 10th cycle, a maintenance ratio (=(effective hydrogen amount at 10th cycle)×100 / initial effective hydrogen amount (%)) was determined.

[0104]Further, the p...

example 7

1. Preparation of Sample

[0115]In a similar manner to Example 1, various TixCryVz alloys different in y / x ratio and z were prepared.

2. Test Method

[0116]In a similar manner to Example 1, an initial effective hydrogen amount and an effective hydrogen amount at 10th cycle were measured at from 0 to 50° C. and a maintenance ratio (cycle durability) was determined based on them.

3. Results

[0117]FIGS. 4 to 10 show initial effective hydrogen amounts and cycle durability of various TixCryVz alloys. FIGS. 4 to 10 reveal the following findings:

[0118](1) Within a range of 3 / 1.65≦y / x≦3 / 1, the initial effective hydrogen amount reaches the maximum value and at the same time, an increase in the y / x ratio leads to improvement in cycle durability.

[0119](2) Within a range of 3 / 2≦y / x≦3 / 1 and 65≦z≦75, the initial effective hydrogen amount becomes 2.2 mass % or greater and the cycle durability becomes 94% or greater.

[0120](3) Within a range of 3 / 2≦y / x≦3 / 1.2 and 50≦z<65, the initial effective hydrogen amou...

example 8

[0133]A V40Ti18.4Cr41.6 alloy was prepared by arc melting V, Ti, and Cr and then heat-treating the resulting ingot at 1300° C. in an Ar atmosphere. The X-ray diffraction analysis of the resulting alloy was performed. It revealed that the alloy had, as a main phase thereof, a BCC phase. Pressure-composition isotherm measurement of the heat-treated alloy at 0° C. was performed 10 cycles. The initial effective hydrogen amount was 2.29 mass %. On the other hand, the effective hydrogen amount at the 10th cycle was 2.07 mass % (90% of the initial amount).

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Abstract

The hydrogen storage alloy has, as a main phase thereof, a bcc structure phase having a composition represented by TixCryVzXw wherein 3 / 2≦y / x≦3 / 1, 50≦z≦75 mol %, 0≦w≦5 mol %, and x+y+z+w=100 mol %, and X represents any one or more selected from Al, Si, and Fe. The hydrogen storage device is a device using the alloy. The preparation process of a hydrogen storage alloy includes the steps of: melting / casting raw materials mixed to give the composition represented by TixCryVzXw; heat-treating an ingot obtained in the melting / casting step; and subjecting the heat-treated ingot to a hydrogen storing / releasing treatment at least once to activate the ingot.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0001]The present invention relates to a hydrogen storage alloy capable of storing and releasing hydrogen in a reversible manner, a preparation process of the hydrogen storage alloy, and a hydrogen storage device using the hydrogen storage alloy.[0002]Hydrogen energy has recently been drawing attention as a clean alternative energy in view of environmental problems such as global warming due to emission of a carbon dioxide gas or energy problems such as depletion of petroleum resources. For industrialization of the hydrogen energy, it is important to develop technologies for storing and transporting hydrogen with safety. There are some candidates for the storage method of hydrogen. Among them, a method of using a hydrogen storage material capable of storing and releasing hydrogen in a reversible manner are considered as the safest means for storing / transporting hydrogen. It is expected as a hydrogen storage medium to be installed on fuel cell cars.[0003]As...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): B65B3/00B22D23/00C22C27/02C22C30/00
CPCC01B3/0031C22C27/02Y02E60/327C22F1/18C22C30/00Y02E60/32
Inventor AOKI, MASAKAZUTOWATA, SHINICHINORITAKE, TATSUOITOH, AKIOWASHIO, KOTAISHIKIRIYAMA, MAMORU
Owner TOYOTA CENT RES & DEV LAB INC
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