Gene carrier

Abstract

Disclosed is a gene carrier composed of a hydrogen-bonding polymer having a polymer chain with hydrogen-bonding sites formed on the polymer chain, in which the polymer chain has a conformation similar to the conformation of a nucleic acid, and particularly, the polymer chain has helix parameters similar to the helix parameters of a nucleic acid of a helix structure. In a preferred embodiment, the hydrogen-bonding polymer is composed of β-1,3-glucan such as schizophyllan. The carrier can be expected to be applied as a vector and a separator for nucleic acids because it is capable of interacting with a nucleic acid to form a complex with the nucleic acid and thus carrying the nucleic acid.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD[0001]The present invention relates to a gene carrier, and more particularly to a novel artificial material (compound) which is capable of interacting with a nucleic acid to form a complex with the nucleic acid for carrying the nucleic acid.BACKGROUND ART[0002]The analysis of the human genome is expected to be substantially completed in the early twenty-first century. For effective utilization of the outcome of the analysis, it is indispensable to develop a new technology for artificially manipulating nucleic acids (the carrying, sequence recognition, and on-off action of transcription or translation of nucleic acids). The most important material for manipulating nucleic acids is considered to be a carrier capable of supporting or carrying nucleic acids such as DNA, i.e. a gene vector. However, in-vivo use of conventional gene vectors composed of artificial materials have produced no significant results in human clinical studies. This can be attributed especially to l...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The present invention is based on the discovery that a hydrogen-bonding polymer can be used to carry genes, isolate nucleic acids, and regulate the transcription and translation of genes through interaction with nucleic acids. The hydrogen-bonding polymer has a polymer chain with hydrogen-bonding sites that match the conformation of the nucleic acid. The invention provides a gene carrier composed of a hydrogen-bonding polymer with a polymer chain having helix parameters similar to the helix parameters of the nucleic acid. The hydrogen-bonding polymer can be partially or wholly composed of β-1,3-glucan or β-1,3-xylan. The nucleic acid-polymer complex formed through hydrogen-bonding between the nucleic acid and the hydrogen-bonding polymer has improved stability and can be used for gene delivery.

Problems solved by technology

However, in-vivo use of conventional gene vectors composed of artificial materials have produced no significant results in human clinical studies.

This can be attributed especially to low gene-transferring efficiency, limited expression of gene information (Cotton et al., Meth. Enzymol. 217: 618-644 (1993)), or insufficient biocompatibility of cationic carrier materials (Choksakulnimitr et al., J. Control. Rel., 32: 233-241 (1995)).

Although viruses such as retroviruses (Miller, Nature 357: 445-460 (1992)) or adenoviruses (Mulligan, Science 260: 926-932 (1993)) have shown very promising in-vitro results as gene vectors, in-vivo use of these naturally occurring materials is restricted, especially because of inflammatory action, immunogenicitic properties or the risk of integration into the genome of the viruses or mutagenesis induction due to the viruses (Crystal, Science 270: 404-410 (1995)).

However, the safety of cationic polymers such as polyethylimine has not yet been confirmed.

While the presence of amino groups is indispensable so as to impart a cationic charge to such polymer, an amino group has a risk of toxicity in the body due to its high physiological activity.

In fact, no cationic polymer studied so far has yet been put into practice, or yet been registered in the “Pharmaceutical Additives Handbook” (edited by the Pharmaceutical Additives Association of Japan and published by Yakujinipposha Publishing Co.).

For example, cationic materials such as polyethyleneimine, on which the current studies are being focused, are not suitable for use as an agent for carrying genes, in consideration of the facts that (1) they combine with a nucleic acid to form a complex which, once formed, will not readily decompose because of bonding due to electrostatic interaction, (2) that they are toxic, and (3) that the polycation will react with the phosphoric acid (which makes the nucleic acid water-soluble) to form a complex which is usually non-soluble.

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