182 results about "Artificial materials" patented technology

A cartilage plug, which is made from a biocompatible, artificial material, that is used to fill a void in natural cartilage that has been resected due to traumatic injury or chronic disease. Alternatively, the plug may be relied upon to anchor a flowable polymer to subchondral bone. The plug is prefabricatable in any size, shape, and contour and may be utilized either singly or in a plurality to fill any size void for any application. The plug may be formed of a laminated structure to match the physiological requirements of the repair site. A plurality of anchoring elements may share a single upper layer.

A cartilage plug, which is made from a biocompatible, artificial material, that is used to fill a void in natural cartilage that has been resected due to traumatic injury or chronic disease. Alternatively, the plug may be relied upon to anchor a flowable polymer to subchondral bone. The plug is prefabricatable in any size, shape, and contour and may be utilized either singly or in a plurality to fill any size void for any application. The plug may be formed of a laminated structure to match the physiological requirements of the repair site. A plurality of anchoring elements may share a single upper layer.

A cartilage plug, which is made from a biocompatible, artificial material, that is used to fill a void in natural cartilage that has been resected due to traumatic injury or chronic disease is disclosed. Alternatively, the plug may be relied upon to anchor a flowable polymer to subchondral bone. The plug is prebricatable in any size, shape, and contour and may be utilized either singly or in a plurality to fill any size void for any application. The plug may be formed of a laminated structure to match the physiological requirements of the repair site. Additionally, ridges may be formed about the periphery of each plug to facilitate its anchoring to surrounding cartilage, bone and / or adjacent plugs. A procedure for resecting damaged or diseased cartilage and for implanting a replacement plug or plugs according to this invention, as well as a set of instruments for effecting the procedure, and a self-contained system for orthopedic surgeons, which includes a variety of differently sized and shaped plugs, as well as a set of instruments for the procedure are also disclosed.< / PTEXT>

A multi-layered sports playing field including a top layer made of substantially artificial material simulating a natural playing surface such as grass and a padding layer positioned between the top layer and the base or dirt layer. The padding layer is made of a plurality of discrete beads of substantially elastic, resilient material (e.g., foam) with portions of adjacent beads abutting one another and other portions being spaced from each other. Substantially all of the adjacent beads are preferably integrally joined (e.g., glued, fused) together at their abutting portions. The padding layer is very porous and breathable and preferably includes feet members supporting the main body of the padding layer above the base or dirt layer to create a water channel of interconnected portions to enhance water drainage to the sides of the field.

A water resistant floor board comprises a top layer, a tongue connector, a groove connector, a body, and a bottom layer. The body is made from a man-made material and placed between the tongue connector and the groove connector, and the top layer is placed above the body, the tongue connector, and the groove connector. The bottom layer is a moisture resistant aluminum foil covering the body, the tongue connector, and the groove connector. The tongue and groove connectors are made from moisture resistant solid wood, and the body is made from man-made material. The top layer has a moisture resistant coating.

A binary type diffractive optical element for scalar optics uses a composite artificial material comprising, in a first portion Ma1, microstructures according to a first geometry for which the effective index decreases with the fill factor and, in a second portion Ma2, microstructures according to a second geometry for which the effective index increases with the fill factor. In one example, a composite artificial material is thus formed by hole type microstructures over a first portion, the smallest hole giving the maximum effective index value of said composite artificial material, and pillar type microstructures, the smallest pillar giving the minimum effective index value of said composite artificial material.

A transplant material which is capable of imparting desired mechanical properties, elevating bone tissue repair speed and improving biocompatibility. This transplant material comprises an artificial and biologically inactive material, which is to be implanted in vivo as a substitute for bone tissue, and at least one type of cells selected from among osteoblasts and precursory osteoblasts which are adhered to the surface of the artificial material so that the artificial material is coated with the bone matrix produced by the cells. The artificial material involves not only a biologically inactive material but also a biologically inactive material coated with a biologically active substrate. This transplant material is produced by culturing mesenchymal stem cells collected from a living body to differentiate into at least one type of cells selected from among osteoblasts and precursory osteoblasts and then culturing the cells together with the artificial material to thereby adhere the differentiated cells on the surface of the artificial material and coat the surface of the artificial material with the bone matrix produced by the differentiated cells.

A multi-layered sports playing field including a top layer made of substantially artificial material simulating a natural playing surface such as grass and a padding layer positioned between the top layer and the base or dirt layer. The padding layer is made of a plurality of discrete beads of substantially elastic, resilient material (e.g., foam) with portions of adjacent beads abutting one another and other portions being spaced from each other. Substantially all of the adjacent beads are preferably integrally joined (e.g., glued, fused) together at their abutting portions. The padding layer is very porous and breathable and preferably includes feet members supporting the main body of the padding layer above the base or dirt layer to create a water channel of interconnected portions to enhance water drainage to the sides of the field.

Detection of a person disguised with one or more artificial materials includes detecting reflection from at least one portion of a head of a human body in at least a portion of an upper band of the near infrared spectrum. The presence of an artificial material associated with the head of the human body is determined based on the detected reflection.

A prosthetic valve coaptation assist device (100) includes an anchor (101) and a single valve assist leaflet (102). The anchor may be a supporting ring frame, brace or arc structure and will usually be radially self-expandable so that it can expand against surrounding tissue. The valve assist leaflet may be made of pericardium or other biological or artificial material and is shaped like the native target valve leaflet. The valve assist leaflet is typically sized larger than the target leaflet so that after implantation a significant overlap of the device body occurs.

Turf (1) for playing sport, for recreation and / or for ornamental purpose comprising a flexible not biodegradable support (5) having a plurality of holes (6) for allowing the drainage of water through the support (5) same. To the flexible support (5) fibres (20) are connected of artificial material in order to form a turf of artificial blades extending from the upper side of the support (5). The fibres (20) are then kept substantially vertical by granular filling material (25), can be made of rubber granules (26). The turf (1) is therefore completed by living vegetable material put into the granular material by means of sowing, transplantation of portions of plants (15) or a combination thereof. Finally, the living vegetable material in the form of seeds (27), or of portions of plants (15), is watered and dressed as known in the art. The turf can be easily carried, rolled up, turned over without spreading the granular material, and laid in a desired moment on a desired support surface for immediate use.

The invention relates to the field of animal breeding and animal medicine, and provides a method and a device for measuring the core body temperature of livestock. According to the measuring method, in accordance with a physiological structure of the measured livestock, a temperature sensor is coupled with the body surface close to the core body temperature, a heat flux conduction formula is utilized, the temperature gradient of artificial materials can be calculated through heat resistance, the heat resistance of a measured position of body tissues is derived, and the core body temperature is deduced in an inversion way through the measured body surface temperature. Before the long-time use, the correction is carried out through measured values of the rectal temperature. The device comprises a heat transfer layer, an outside heat insulation layer and three temperature sensors, wherein the heat conductivity and the thickness of the heat transfer layer are known, the temperature measuring parameters of the three temperature sensors are very close through tests, and the temperature sensors are used for respectively measuring the surface temperature of the skin coupling position, the surface temperature outside the heat transfer layer and the surface temperature outside the heat insulation layer. When the method and the device provided by the invention are used, the long-period, continuous and dynamic core body temperature measurement on the livestock can be realized.

A procedure to agglutinate ore concentrations, which can be of copper, on a gravel heap, to be leached on a non-flooded bed which comprises: artificially adhering the concentrate to the surface of a solid material base, which can be an artificial material, or a stony substance; the agglutinated material is stockpiled, forming a leaching pile; and is irrigated with a leaching solution containing at least Cl, Cu, and Fe ions.

The invention provides a method of experimenting on impact of high-pressure fracture-cave bodies in carbonate rock reservoirs upon hydraulic fracture extension, comprising following steps: a), building a fracture-cave body; b), mounting a jig of an integrated test piece, and placing an assembled artificial material in the jig; c), applying set constant three-way confining pressure to the test piece; d), injecting a liquid into the fracture-cave body through a fracture-cave body liquid injection line at constant flow to a designed pressure, and switching a hydraulic pump to a constant pressure state to keep the inner pressure of the fracture-cave body unchanged; e), injecting fracturing liquid into a simulation shaft through a fracturing liquid injection line, and stopping injection after a hydraulic fracture extends to the designed size; removing the test piece from a test rack, and dissecting the test piece to observe the fracture form. The method enables a carbonate rock reservoir hydraulic fracturing simulation test to be carried under laboratory conditions and the impact of the high-pressure fracture-cave body upon hydraulic fracture extension.

The invention relates to an electric control radiation directional diagram reconfigurable antenna. The reconfiguration of the directional diagram of the antenna is finished by the following steps of: (1) selecting the working frequency f of an antenna; (2) confirming an arrangement cycle of an artificial structure material unit in three directions, an antenna integral structure and a metal structure and the substrate material of a formed unit, wherein the arrangement cycle comprises geometric parameters of the substrate material and the metal structure; (3) adding a variode on an opening of the metal structure; (4) calculating the transmission spectrum S21 phase of the unit by utilizing electromagnetic simulation software, continuously changing a capacitance value of the variode, recording the corresponding phase of a scattering parameter and drawing a phase-capacitance C curve; (5) arranging an artificial material along the horizontal plane cycle, dividing the artificial structure material into N areas with equal distance, and controlling a voltage value loaded on the variode in the unused area, wherein all the areas have equal structural size and contain equal amount of units. The antenna is a controllable antenna of a broadband and can realize positive / negative 40-degree deflection or so of a main lobe of the radiation directional diagram of the antenna.

Broadband Green's function computing technique that employs low wavenumber extraction, obtains fast frequency independent modal band solutions and achieves fast convergence of modal expansions, is used to model and design electromagnetic wave behavior of signals in artificial materials with periodic structures, including metamaterials, photonic crystals, and phononic crystals, which are used for smart microwave devices, photonic devices, and acoustic devices. The Broadband Green's function is a general response function for artificial materials and is used to model bandgaps, bandpasses, impurities, defects, displacements of scatterers, and to formulate integral equations for periodic scatters in a finite volume. Designs of metamaterials, photonic crystals, and phononic crystals enable controlling the waves through bandpasses, bandgaps, surface states, polarizations, defects, absorption, enhancement, refraction, substrates, and guidance. The Broadband Green's function technique is used in computer simulations to analyze wave behavior over a broad frequency range, which improves design optimization of smart microwave and photonic devices.

Turf (1) for sports, recreactional activities and / or for ornamental purposes comprising a mat of flexible material (10) equipped with a first face (11) and a second face (12) opposite to each other. To the mat (10) a plurality of fibres (20) are connected of an artificial material in such a way that it forms an artificial turf (50) that protrudes from the first face (11). The turf (1) comprises, furthermore, a measured amount of a loose infill material (50), for example of granular type, distributed on the face (11) of the mat (10). The turf (1) comprises, furthermore, natural vegetable material, i.e.plants, belonging to one, or more plant species (30) put in the loose infill material (50) by means of sowing, traplantation of portions of plants, or a combination of the two solutions. The fibres of artificial material (20) have a profiled shape comprising a main blade (21) and at least one side wing (22). More precisely, the side wing (22) has a curved profile suitable for forming a channel (25) arranged substantially parallel to the main blade (21) in order to form a channel that is substantially parallel to said main blade, so that the profile of the channel partially or completely encircles the spaces that are occupied by water, roots and loose infill material, creating a water reserve for roots.

A procedure to agglutinate ore concentrations, which can be of copper, on a gravel heap, to be leached on a non-flooded bed which comprises: artificially adhering the concentrate to the surface of a solid material base, which can be an artificial material, or a stony substance; the agglutinated material is stockpiled, forming a leaching pile; and is irrigated with a leaching solution containing at least Cl, Cu, and Fe ions.

The invention provides a tantalum or niobium or tantalum and niobium alloy additive manufacturing method. The method comprises the following steps that firstly, tantalum powder or niobium powder or tantalum and niobium alloy powder is prepared for 3D printing; and secondly, the prepared tantalum powder or the prepared niobium powder or the prepared tantalum and niobium alloy powder for 3D printing is put into a 3D printer for printing, and then a tantalum or niobium or tantalum and niobium alloy metal product is prepared. By means of the manufacturing method, the cost of raw materials is low, the technological process is simple, the manufactured powder with good fluidity can be directly printed into metal products and artificial material implants according to design drawings or figures converted by scanning bones amputated by doctors, the production process is quick, and post-treatment workload is little.

A domestic garbage landfill final cover system includes an exhaust layer, an impervious layer, a water drainage layer and a vegetation layer, and garbage incinerator slag is used as a main composition part of the exhaust layer and the water drainage layer to substitute natural aggregate or an artificial material; and MSW (municipal solid waste) compost products and biological carbon are added to the vegetation layer in order to greatly enhance the methane oxidation ability and improve the ecological functions of soil. The landfill final cover system comprehensively utilizes domestic garbage organisms and heat treatment (byproducts) products, and has the advantages of simple and practical technical method, strong universality, wide source and low price of raw materials, high degree of treatment of wastes by using wastes, provision of a new way to resolve the heavy metal problem restricting the recycling of perishable components in the MSW and realize the comprehensive treatment of the MSW, and remarkable economic, environmental and social benefits.

The invention relates to an artificial electromagnetic material, a radome and an antenna system. The artificial electromagnetic material comprises at least one baseplate made of a non-conductive material and a metal foil attached to the surface of the baseplate, wherein a plurality of identical crossed frame-shaped grooves are hollowed on the metal foil; each crossed frame-shaped groove is a closed curve, and the inner outline of each crossed frame-shaped groove encircles to be crossed; and the crossed frame-shaped grooves, taking the direction forming a 45-degree angle together with the crossed vertical lines of the inner outlines as the row and the direction forming a -45-degree angle together with the vertical lines of the inner outlines as the column, are in periodically array arrangement on the metal foil in the manner that the line spacing is equal to the column spacing. The radome employs the artificial material, and the antenna system comprises the radome. As the specially structured crossed frame-shaped grooves are hollowed on the metal foil, the radome to which the metal foil is attached has a favorable frequency selection function and can meet special requirements of specific occasions, such as military concealment and the like.

The invention provides a method for preparing a self-healing composite material by employing an electrospinning method. The method comprises the following steps: dissolving a spinnable polymer and a liquid healing agent into a volatile solvent, carrying out electrospinning, and curing the obtained spinnable polymer / healing agent composite fiber with a curing agent dilute solution at a room temperature, so as to obtain the spinnable polymer / healing agent composite fiber with a shell layer on the surface; dissolving the spinnable polymer and a curing agent into the volatile solvent, and carrying out electrostatic spinning, so as to obtain the spinnable polymer / healing agent composite fiber; stacking two composite fibers to form a fiber film; pouring a curable resin material; and repeatedly paving the film, pouring resin, and curing, so as to obtain the self-healing composite material; when the composite material generates a micro-crack, the internal fiber cracks; and the healing agent blocked in a fiber micropore and the curing agent blocked in another fiber micropore are released on the crack part and react under the heated condition, thus achieving self-healing, so that the material can become a self-repairing artificial material with an application prospect.

The invention discloses a storehouse intelligent storage system and a material transferring method. The storehouse intelligent storage system comprises a safety storehouse, an unmanned carrier and a controller. The safety storehouse is used for storing dangerous materials which are stored in the safety storehouse in classification by a plurality of pallets; a guiding rail is paved inside the safety storehouse and the guiding rail is extended to the outside of the safety storehouse; the unmanned vehicle is provided with a communication module, a storage battery for supplying working power to the unmanned carrier and a climbing mechanism; and the controller is arranged outside of the storehouse and can perform wireless communication with the communication module on the unmanned carrier. The invention replaces the traditional artificial material conveying and reduces the labor intensity. The dangerous materials are flowed automatically, which effectively eliminates the safety hazard and improves the working efficiency. The invention benefits the intelligentized management and monitoring of the material flow information and is applicable to the unmanned management of the storehouse storing the dangerous materials like the industrial explosive in the commercial explosive industry.

Synthetic turf having a mat with a first face, arranged next to a surface to coat, and with a second face opposite to the first face. The synthetic turf also has a plurality of filaments knitted to the mat and made of a synthetic material. Above the second face of the mat, an infill material is present that is arranged all around the filaments of artificial material. The infill material has at least one layer of a mixture of a predetermined amount of cereal husks, and of at least one defibrated arboreus material which is resistant to microbial digestion, such as a loose final product from raw material based on coir, or sawdust of a wood obtained by a raw material with high content of lignin, such as Teck pulp material, Mahogany pulp material, Iroko pulp material, or a combination thereof.