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Immiscible liquid separated battery system

a battery system and liquid separation technology, applied in the direction of indirect fuel cells, non-aqueous electrolyte cells, electrochemical generators, etc., can solve the problems of high-specialized ion-selective membrane materials, short-lived, and performance-limiting

Active Publication Date: 2020-03-26
PHILLIPS 66 CO
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The present patent is about a new type of redox flow battery that is designed to separate two liquids, called catholyte and anolyte, within a power cell without physical contact between them. The two liquids exist in separate phases, and a pump is used to circulate each liquid in and out of the power cell. A separator liquid is present in the power cell and is in contact with both the catholyte and the anolyte, and there is no membrane separating the two liquids. This new design of redox flow battery has technical advantages over conventional designs.

Problems solved by technology

However, one problem with flow batteries is that the highly specialized ion-selective membrane materials, which separate the two half-cells, are performance-limiting, short-lived, and expensive.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

example 1

[0070]In Example 1, an energy storage system is demonstrated for a chemical system consisting of two electroactive aqueous liquid phases, each containing an electrode. These phases are separated by non-aqueous liquid separator that is an immiscible ionic liquid comprising 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate. The anolyte phase is a solution consisting of 5 mM sodium iron(II) bis(2,6-pyridinedicarboxylate) and 0.1 M sodium hexaflurophosphate in water. The catholyte is a solution of potassium ferricyanide and 0.1 M sodium hexafluorophosphate in water.

[0071]The immiscible liquid phase was first added to a U-shaped glass container such that it occupied the lower volume. The two liquid phases were then added in equal volumetric parts to the arms of the U-shaped glass container. Carbon electrodes were suspended in each phase, allowing the current to flow through an external circuit.

[0072]Galvanostatic cycles were performed on the assembly, starting with a discharge cycle. The c...

example 2

[0073]In Example 2, an energy storage system is demonstrated for a chemical system consisting of two electroactive non-aqueous liquid phases, each containing an electrode. These phases are separated by an aqueous immiscible sodium chloride brine. The anolyte phase is a solution consisting of 2.5 mM N,N′-di-n-butyl-4,4′-bipyridinium hexafluorophosphate and 0.1 M tetrabutylammonium chloride in acetonitrile. The catholyte electroactive phase is a solution of ferrocene and 0.1 M tetrabutylammonium chloride in acetonitrile.

[0074]The immiscible liquid phase was first added to a U-shaped glass container such that it occupied the lower volume. The two liquid phases were then added in equal volumetric parts to the arms of the U-shaped glass container. Carbon electrodes were suspended in each phase allowing the current to flow through an external circuit.

[0075]Galvanostatic cycles were performed on the assembly, starting with a charge cycle. The cycles were carried out at ±0.5 mA (FIG. 10). T...

example 3

[0076]In Example 3, an energy storage system is demonstrated for a chemical system consisting of two electroactive non-aqueous liquid phases, each containing an electrode. These phases are separated by an aqueous immiscible sodium sulfate brine saturated with acetonitrile. The anolyte phase is a solution consisting of 2.5 mM iron(II) tris(4,4′-di-tert-butyl-2,2′-dipyridyl) hexafluorophosphate and 0.1 M sodium hexafluorophosphate in sodium sulfate brine saturated acetonitrile. The catholyte phase is a solution of 2.5 mM cobalt(III) tris(4,4′-di-tert-butyl-2,2′-dipyridyl) hexafluorophosphate and 0.1 M sodium hexafluorophosphate in sodium sulfate brine saturated acetonitrile.

[0077]The immiscible liquid phase was first added to a U-shaped glass container such that it occupied the lower volume. The two liquid phases were then added in equal volumetric parts to the arms of the U-shaped glass container. Carbon electrodes were suspended in each phase allowing the current to flow through an ...

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Abstract

A redox flow battery is described that does not include an ion exchange resin such as a proton exchange membrane but rather uses a generally stationary separator liquid that separates the anolyte from the catholyte at immiscible liquid-liquid interfaces. Solvents and electrochemically active components of the anolyte and catholyte would not cross the liquid-liquid interfaces between the separator liquid and the anolyte and catholyte, but certain ions in each of the anolyte and catholyte would cross the interface during charging and discharging of the redox flow battery. The separator liquid comprises a relatively small total volume of liquid in such a flow battery arrangement as compared to the anolyte and catholyte. Suitable chemical options are described along with system options for utilizing immiscible phases.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS[0001]This application is a non-provisional application which claims benefit under 35 USC § 119(e) to U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 62 / 734,317 filed Sep. 21, 2018, entitled “IMMISCIBLE LIQUID SEPARATED BATTERY SYSTEM,” and to U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 62 / 734,327 filed Sep. 21, 2018, entitled “MULTIPHASIC BATTERY SYSTEM,” both of which are incorporated herein in their entirety.STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT[0002]None.FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0003]This invention relates to flow battery systems or liquid electrolyte battery systems.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0004]Flow batteries store electrical energy in a chemical form using liquid electrolytes and dispense the stored energy in an electrical form via a spontaneous reverse redox reaction of the electrolytes. A flow battery is an electrochemical storage device in which an electrolyte containing one or more dissolved electro-active species flows th...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M8/18H01M6/14
CPCH02J7/00H01M8/20H01M6/14H01M8/08H01M8/188H01M8/18Y02E60/50
Inventor SUTTIL, JAMES ANTHONYTAN, HONGJINMCDANIEL, NEALSAMAROO, SHARMILADRESE, JEFFREY H.
Owner PHILLIPS 66 CO