Process for forming and quality proofing a friction stir welded plate
a technology of friction stir and welded plate, which is applied in the direction of mechanical means, instruments, manufacturing tools, etc., can solve the problems of voids, welded joints, voids, and internal defects that are difficult to examine using traditional methods, and the welded joints are voids
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example 1
Experimental Procedure
[0123]Aluminum alloy AA1060 plates were used as the base metal. The chemical composition of this commercial alloy is presented in Table 1. It is widely used in special tanks and chemical industries on account of its corrosion resistance. Moreover, as it has high thermal and electrical conductivity, it is commonly used in electrical applications. The specimens were cut into rectangular shapes 250 mm long, 60 mm wide, and 6 mm thick. A high carbon-chrome steel (K110) tool with a shoulder diameter of 25 mm, pin diameter of 6 mm, and length of 5 mm, was used for the welding process. The process was performed at different rotation and traverse speeds, with five tool rotation speeds being chosen (600, 1000, 1200, 1500, and 1800 rpm). Each rotation speed was applied with four different welding speeds (16, 32, 52, and 110 mm / min). The tool was used with a tilt angle of 2 degrees. An automatic milling machine (Bridgeport, Elmira, N.Y., USA) was used to perform the frict...
example 2
Free Vibration Impact Test
[0124]Samples were prepared as a cantilever beam with one free end and fixed using a special clamp. The net fixed dimensions of the tested cantilever beam were 150 mm long, 21 mm wide, and 4 mm thick. The vibration signal was acquired using a piezoelectric CCLD accelerometer. The accelerometer was mounted using plastic clips. An impact hammer with a force transducer was used to excite the welded joint. Vibration analysis was performed using a LAN-XI (3050 A-60 Bruel&Kjaer, Nærum, Denmark). The data acquisition system was a 6-channel input module, with a frequency range of (0-51 KHz), FFT resolution up to 6400 lines. FIG. 3 shows the apparatus used in the investigation. The specific damping ratio, natural frequency, and frequency response function were analyzed using post-processing software ME' Scope (Vibrant Technology, Centennial, Co., USA) and verified using theoretical methods. The test was repeated 10 times for each sample in order to attain the optimu...
example 3
Results and Discussions
[0125]The main purpose of this investigation was to predict FSW defects using the dynamic properties of a welded joint. The vibration analysis was calculated and analyzed using commercial vibration analysis software (Pulse Labshop and ME'Scope). Empirical and theoretical equations were used to verify the estimated dynamic properties, such as the damping ratio and natural fundamental frequency. The damping capacity refers to the ability of a material to absorb energy. Materials with a high damping capacity often indicate weakness in the material, and from this principle, it is possible to predict the welding defects. See Schaller, R. Metal matrix composites, a smart choice for high damping materials. J. Alloys Compd. 2003, 355, 131-135, incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
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