Photovoltaic-photothermal reaction complementary full-spectrum solar utilization system

a photothermal reaction and solar energy technology, applied in the field of renewable energy, can solve the problems of more than 75% of sunlight not being effectively used, low solar energy full spectrum utilization efficiency, and ineffective use of remaining solar energy

Inactive Publication Date: 2021-11-04
INST OF ENGINEERING THERMOPHYSICS - CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

This system enhances solar energy utilization efficiency by converting residual heat and long-wave solar energy into high-energy chemical energy, achieving a higher efficiency than single photovoltaic systems and providing stable, all-weather power supply without the need for frequency splitters.

Problems solved by technology

In a solar photovoltaic utilization technology, a portion of solar energy in certain wavebands is converted into electricity by means of photovoltaic effect of solar photovoltaic cell with the remaining solar energy being not effectively used.
The power generation efficiency of current mass-produced solar photovoltaic cells is about 15%-25%, which means that more than 75% of the sunlight cannot be used and the full spectrum utilization efficiency of solar energy is low.
Also, since large-scale electricity storage technology is far from mature, the solar photovoltaic utilization technology can only be used under sunlight, but is unable to supply power in a stand-alone, stable and all-weather manner.
In this technology, since the heat collection process directly converts high energy-level full spectrum solar energy into low energy-level thermal energy, and since that power generation efficiency of thermal energy is constrained by Carnot efficiency, and there are many other factors such as intermediate steps, the full spectrum utilization efficiency of solar energy is low.
(1) the mass-produced photovoltaic cells can only convert a portion of short-wave solar energy into electric energy, and the rest of the short-wave solar energy and long-wave solar energy is not used such that the full spectrum utilization efficiency is low;
(2) as the usage of the solar photovoltaic power generation system is limited during daytime, power supply stability of the system is poor, and large-scale electricity storage technology associated with photovoltaic power generation is far from mature, thus single photovoltaic power generation is difficult to meet the requirements for a stable power supply or supplying power at night;
(3) with the photothermal technology, in the process of light-to-heat conversion, the full spectrum solar energy is directly converted into low energy-level thermal energy such that in this process loss of the available energy (i.e. maximum useful work extractable from the total energy) is large, resulting in a low utilization efficiency of full spectrum solar energy;
(4) in the solar photovoltaic-photothermal technology using a frequency splitter, although a cascaded utilization for the short-wavelength and long-wavelength solar energy is achieved by the frequency splitter, the frequency splitter increases the optical loss of the system at the same time. Production of the frequency splitter is currently difficult and costly.

Method used

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  • Photovoltaic-photothermal reaction complementary full-spectrum solar utilization system
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  • Photovoltaic-photothermal reaction complementary full-spectrum solar utilization system

Examples

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example one

c-Photothermal Reaction Complementary Full-Spectrum Solar Utilization System

[0035]The first exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic-photothermal reaction complementary full-spectrum solar utilization system based on opaque photovoltaic cell.

[0036]FIG. 1 is a structural schematic of a photovoltaic-photothermal reaction complementary full-spectrum solar utilization system based on an opaque photovoltaic cell according to the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the full-spectrum solar utilization system in the present embodiment includes a full spectrum concentrating device 10, an opaque photovoltaic cell 20a, a waveband thermal reactor 30, and a gas-steam combined cycle power generation system 60.

[0037]In this embodiment, the reactant is methanol, and the endothermic chemical reaction is a methanol decomposition reaction. The full spectrum concentrating device 10 concentrates the full spectrum sunlight to an upper surface of the...

example two

e Photovoltaic-Photothermal Reaction Complementary Full-Spectrum Solar Utilization System

[0054]The second exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a transmissive photovoltaic-photothermal reaction complementary full-spectrum solar utilization system based on transmissive photovoltaic cell. As shown in FIG. 2, this embodiment differs from the first embodiment in the reactants, the chemical reaction used, the transmissive photovoltaic cell 22b and the newly added waveband photothermal reactor 40.

[0055]In this embodiment, the reactants used are methanol and steam, and the chemical reaction is a methanol water steam reforming reaction.

[0056]In the present embodiment, the transmissive photovoltaic cell 20b has a light transmittance of more than 0 and less than 1. The transmissive photovoltaic cell 20b can only absorb a portion of the available short-wave solar energy (such as 300 nm to 1000 nm). Long-wave solar energy (such as 1000 nm to 4000 nm) is transmitted through the ...

example three

otovoltaic-Photothermal Reaction Complementary Full-Spectrum Solar Utilization System

[0062]For the full-spectrum solar utilization system in the second embodiment, since the sunlight is required to be transmitted through the waveband thermal reactor 30, the waveband thermal reactor 30 should be transmissive for such waveband sunlight, decreasing the selection range of the waveband thermal reactor 30 and of the fluid therein. If a reflective film is provided between the transmissive photovoltaic cell 20b and the waveband thermal reactor 30, as described in the present embodiment, the above-described problem can be avoided.

[0063]The third exemplary embodiment of the present invention further provides a reflective photovoltaic-photothermal reaction complementary full-spectrum solar utilization system based on transmissive photovoltaic cell. As shown in FIG. 3, the present embodiment differs from the second embodiment in that a reflective film 50 is provided between the transmissive pho...

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Abstract

The present disclosure provides a photovoltaic-photothermal reaction complementary full-spectrum solar utilization system, comprising:a waveband thermal reactor having a reactant flow channel and a reaction chamber therein,a photovoltaic cell attached to a surface of the waveband thermal reactor, anda full spectrum concentrator configured to concentrate full spectrum sunlight onto a surface of the photovoltaic cell,wherein the full spectrum concentrating device concentrates the full spectrum sunlight onto a upper surface of the opaque or transmissive photovoltaic cell,wherein a portion of the sunlight is converted into electric energy and another portion of the sunlight is converted into thermal energy, andwherein the thermal energy is utilized by the waveband thermal reactor to preheat reactant(s) in the reaction chamber and to make a portion of the reactant(s) to undergo an endothermic chemical reaction such that the thermal energy is stored as chemical energy.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS[0001]This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15 / 549,367, filed Aug. 7, 2017, which is a 371 National Stage Patent Application of International Application No. PCT / CN2016 / 073719, filed on Feb. 6, 2016, and entitled “Photovoltaic-Photothermal Reaction Complementary Full-Spectrum Solar Utilization System,” which claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 201510082532.9, filed on Feb. 15, 2015, and entitled “Photovoltaic and Photo-Thermal Chemical Combination Solar Energy Comprehensive Utilization Device and System,” as well as Chinese Patent Application No. 201510590542.3, filed on Sep. 16, 2015, and entitled “Linear Fresnel Transmitting Photovoltaic Photo-Thermal Composite Utilization Device,” the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSUREField of the Disclosure[0002]The disclosure relates to a field of new energy (renewable energy) technology, and i...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & AuthorityApplications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): F24S23/00H02S40/44B01J8/00H02S10/10H02S40/22H01L31/054H02S10/20H02S10/30
CPCF24S23/00H02S40/44B01J8/00H02S10/10F24S21/00H01L31/0547H02S10/20H02S10/30Y02E10/60H02S40/22F24S50/20Y02E10/44Y02E10/52Y02E70/30
InventorJIN, HONGGUANGHONG, HUIHAO, YONGSUN, JIEZHAO, YAWENLI, WENJIALIU, QIBIN
OwnerINST OF ENGINEERING THERMOPHYSICS - CHINESE ACAD OF SCI