The invention relates to a traditional Chinese medicine preparation, and discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating vascular dementia, which comprises the following raw medicinal materials: polygala tenuifolia, storax, hippocampus, lycopodium clavatum, turtle shell, scalded rhizoma cibotii, caulis spatholobi, vine of multiflower knotweed, rhizoma atractylodis, cimicifugae foetidae and pomegranate seed. Wherein the content of the radix polygalae is 5 to 15 parts by weight, the content of the storax is 0.3 to 1 part by weight, the content of the sea horse is 3 to 9 parts by weight, the content of the lycopodium clavatum is 3 to 15 parts by weight, the content of the turtle shell is 9 to 30 parts by weight, the content of the hot rhizoma cibotii is 6 to 15 parts by weight, the content of the caulis spatholobi is 9 to 15 parts by weight, the content of the caulis polygoni multiflori is 9 to 15 parts by weight, and the content of the rhizoma atractylodis is 3 to 12 parts by weight. The content of the rhizoma cimicifugae is 3-15 parts by weight, and the content of the pomegranate seeds is 5-15 parts by weight. The traditional Chinese medicine composition for treating vascular dementia has the effects of tonifying the kidney, nourishing blood, reducing phlegm, dredging collaterals, soothing the nerves and promoting intelligence, and can be used for treating vascular dementia, improving the cognitive ability of patients and improving dementia symptoms. The invention also provides a medicinal preparation for treating vascular dementia.