Method for inducing plant embryo sac chromosome doubling to select and breed triploid

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method capable of inducing plant embryonary sac chromosome to reduplicatively select and cultivate plant triploid. Said invention includes the following several procedures: pollination to plant female inflorescence, utilizing colchicine to make treatment, eliminating treatment, infructescence management, collecting seeds, sowing, seedling cultivating and chromosome detection. Said invention also provides the concrete steps of above-mentioned every procedure and its concrete requirement.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for breeding plant polyploids, in particular to a method for inducing plant embryo sac (female gametophyte) chromosome doubling and breeding triploids, belonging to the field of plant genetics and breeding. Background technique [0002] The occurrence of plant polyploidy in nature comes from the ploidy variation of the chromosome group in the nucleus, that is, the occasional chromosome doubling during somatic cell division and the production of unreduced gametes during meiosis. Artificial induction of chromosome doubling can be carried out by chemical induction methods such as colchicine solution and physical induction methods such as abnormal temperature. The ways to artificially obtain polyploid include somatic cell chromosome doubling, hybridization between different ploidy bodies, natural or artificial non-reduced gamete hybridization, endosperm culture and cell fusion, etc. [0003] Kang Xiangyang et al. (2004) t...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the study only pointed out that under the time and space conditions at that time, the triploid can be obtained by applying colchicine solution 24-36 hours after pollination and continuing to treat for 24 hours, but there are many key technical problems worthy of further study

For example, what stage is the formation and development of female gametes 24-36 hours after pollination in poplar? Which period of female gamete formation and development is the best induction period for triploid? How to distinguish the effective treatment period for triploid induction according to different plant biological characteristics in practice? In addition, because the fertilization period of most plants' pistil stigmas is relatively long, different operators have different criteria for judging whether the pistil stigmas are receptive or not, resulting in early and late pollination. The time difference can even be 1-2d. There is no clear starting reference point for treatment, and it is not realistic to simply use 24-36h after pollination as the effective treatment period to determine the standard. There is a risk of failure, and it is also necessary to Targeted solutions from the technical level

[0004] Since the above-mentioned technical problems cannot be effectively solved, the application of this method is limited.

The same technical process is applied to Populus silver gland. When the specific operators are different, the sampling time of the material is different, or the environmental conditions of the cultivation are different, the processing results are significantly different, which shows that the risk of controlling only through time is relatively high. Impossible to extend to Populus and beyond