Double cluster based wireless sensor network distributed topology control method

Abstract

The invention relates to a distributed topology control realization method for wireless sensor network based on double clustering, which comprises a physical clustering step and a virtual clustering step, wherein, the physical clustering step is determining the cluster head or cluster member status of each node, so as to form a physical cluster; the virtual clustering step adopts distributed competitive mode; the cluster head of the physical cluster can generate own cycle dispatch table or follow the cycle dispatch table which is generated by the adjacent cluster head, so that the cluster heads of the adjacent physical clusters can form a virtual clustering which is run periodically and slept synchronously, and the communication between the cluster heads can be realized through an adaptivecommunication mechanism. The invention aims at the characteristics of the wireless sensor network on energy limitation, application specificity, and random dense distribution of nodes; on the basis of meeting the specific QoS requirement, the network load balancing can be realized effectively; the network energy consumption efficiency can be enhanced and the life time of network system can be extended.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for realizing wireless sensor network topology control. Background technique [0002] With the rapid development and maturity of sensor technology, wireless communication technology, embedded computing technology, and distributed information processing technology, micro-sensors and networks with perception, computing, and communication capabilities have begun to appear on a large scale. The wireless sensor network can collaboratively detect, track and collect information of various environments or monitoring objects in the network deployment area in real time, and carry out collaborative and fusion processing on these information to obtain more accurate conclusions, and then transmit them to users. It has broad application prospects in military, environmental monitoring, medical and health, industrial automation, public safety and so on. [0003] Micro sensor nodes are generally powered by batteries, which makes the s...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

There are several types of existing clustering methods, such as Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH), Hybrid Energy-Efficient Distributed Clustering (HEED), etc., mainly focusing on how to form basic The cluster structure does not consider the effective inter-cluster communication mechanism, but simply assumes that the cluster head can jump to the base station. This assumption is too harsh and difficult to realize for energy-constrained sensor nodes.

Although the well-known S-MAC protocol also proposes the idea of ​​virtual clustering, it is still a flat structure in terms of topology control, so it cannot effectively support the needs of large-scale networks, and the S-MAC itself has inherent limitations in its design. Such as: the burden of border nodes is too heavy, there is no network energy balance mechanism, and data fusion cannot be effectively supported.

Zigbee proposed a cluster tree topology control mechanism on the basis of 802.15.4, but this scheme is a completely centralized networking method, which has high requirements for network layout, and in terms of network delay and scale scalability There are serious constraints

Although some other clustering algorithms consider the inter-cluster communication mechanism, they are often performed on the premise of assuming global time synchronization, which is difficult to achieve for large-scale wireless sensor networks or the network overhead is too large

Another type of inter-cluster communication mechanism is realized through inter-cluster gateway nodes, but for wireless sensor networks whose network life cycle is the main measure, to effectively maintain inter-cluster communication with all surrounding neighbor clusters, it is necessary to ensure corresponding The inter-cluster gateway nodes are in working state, therefore, the overall timing control of the network is complicated, which is not conducive to network expansion and energy saving

If the inter-cluster communication is completely based on the competition access mechanism between cluster heads, it will lead to serious inter-cluster interference and low data transmission efficiency.

Recently, there is also about the use of virtual multi-antenna (MIMO) technology to realize inter-cluster communication, but this method has high requirements for the realization of the physical layer of the cluster head, and has extremely high requirements for inter-node coordination, synchronization and solution prefabrication, and lacks realizability

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