Bottom anode side conductive direct current ladle furnace

Abstract

The invention discloses a ladle furnace which is conductive and direct-current at a bottom anode side. The ladle furnace of the invention comprises a buggy ladle part and a ladle part and is characterized in that a buggy ladle body is provided with a side bottom anode automatic clamping device which has two symmetrical clamping chunks, wherein, the clamping face of each clamping chunk is connected with a heavy-current water-cooling switch the outside of which is provided with a water cooling pipe; two side bottom anode conductive bumps, which have a compound structure of a metallic part and a non-metallic part respectively, are arranged at the side face of the bottom of a ladle body as bottom anodes and connected with the ladle detachably. By adopting the ladle furnace which is conductive and direct-current at the bottom anode side, the consumption by graphite electrodes is greatly reduced and the noise is relatively low, the arc length short, the submerged arc good, temperature rise fast and carburetion of the molten steel low. In addition, the ladle furnace of the invention is applicable to heat and refine low-carbon steel and ultra-low-carbon steel and less refractories are consumed by the ladle with high heating efficiency so as to save energy.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of smelting equipment, and in particular relates to a bottom anode side conductive DC ladle furnace. Background technique [0002] The ladle refining furnace is used to refine the crude steel poured into the ladle from the electric furnace or converter to make it into qualified molten steel that meets the requirements. The refining of the ladle furnace mainly relies on the white slag in the ladle. In the reducing atmosphere, the argon gas blown from the bottom of the ladle stirs the molten steel, and the graphite electrode conducts arc heating and refining on the molten steel in the ladle that has passed through the roughing furnace. . Because the argon gas stirring accelerates the chemical reaction speed between steel and slag, the arc heating is used for temperature compensation, which can ensure a longer smelting time, so that the oxygen, sulfur content and non-metallic inclusions in the steel are greatl...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] One is the high consumption of refractory materials: the three electrodes are arranged on the mouth of the ladle. Due to the large pole center circle, the high temperature zone is relatively close to the ladle wall, resulting in rapid erosion of the refractory material on the upper part of the ladle wall.

[0005] Second, the electrode consumption is fast: because the three graphite electrodes are arranged on the mouth of the ladle, due to the action of the alternating current, the alternating arc produces partial arc combustion and causes cracks at the electrode end. When the other three electrodes are heated and burned, one of the electrodes needs to be The thermal radiation of the other two electrodes, coupled with the "cathode spot" formed by the emission of electrons, and thus the low temperature of the electrode end, resulting in accelerated electrode loss

[0006] The third is loud noise and serious environmental pollution: due to the imbalance of the three-phase electrodes and the instability of the AC arc, the noise is particularly loud during the electrode heating and refining process, causing pollution to the environment

The biggest disadvantage of this structure is that the consumption of metal electrodes is large, the heating current is difficult to control, the electrodes are replaced frequently, the labor intensity is high, and the cost is high.

[0011] The way of single-electrode heating is that the upper top cathode is a graphite electrode, and the lower part is a bottom anode; the bottom anode is arranged on the bottom of the package, and the bottom anode adopts a structure composed of multilayer metal and ceramics. Melting loss of the metal layer in the conductive electrode, accelerated erosion of the ceramic phase, low service life

Moreover, in the process of operation, due to improper operation, it may cause oxidation and sticky slag at the end of the metal layer, resulting in difficulty in arc starting.

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