Liquid impact excitation method and device applied to vibration cutting

Abstract

The invention relates to a liquid impact vibration excitation method and a device which are applied to vibration cutting. In the invention, liquid impact energy is taken as the vibration excitation source of a vibration excitation device, a liquid channel is cut off instantaneously, and the hydraulic pressure increases sharply. The vibration excitation device comprises a casing, a live valve, a live valve spring, a piston, a piston spring, an amplitude changing mechanism and a shank fixture. The vibration excitation device and a cutting cooling system are combined into a whole, and the cutting fluid for generating the liquid impact energy is taken as the cooling fluid of the cutting cooling system at the same time, therefore, the structure of the cutting cooling system is simplified; compared with the common cutting fluid, the high pressure cutting fluid has better cooling effect and chip removal effect; a hydraulic system for generating the high pressure cutting fluid is required to be configured when the device works, especially for a hydraulic pump; the liquid impact energy has the advantages of small energy transmission loss and high efficiency, the vibration amplitude and the frequency can be adjusted by adjusting the pressure and flow quantity of the cutting fluid, and the requirements of more cutting processes and different processing materials are met.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention relates to a liquid shock excitation method and device applied to vibration cutting, in particular to a liquid shock excitation method and device applied to vibration cutting in modern mechanical processing. It belongs to the generation or transmission field of general mechanical vibration. Background technique [0002] Vibration cutting is a new processing method. It uses a specially set vibrating device in the traditional cutting process. By controlling the amplitude and frequency of the vibrating device, one or more low-frequency, intermediate-frequency or ultrasonic vibrations in different directions are artificially applied to the tool or workpiece, making traditional closed cutting The processing in the cutting area becomes an intermittent, instantaneous and reciprocating intermittent cutting process in which the cutting area is opened periodically. Vibration cutting technology can be applied to difficult-to-machine materials such...

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Problems solved by technology

Among them, the mechanical vibration excitation device is mainly composed of motors, cams, connecting rods and other mechanical structures. The motor drives the mechanical components to achieve vibration. and other components, through the control valve to control the reciprocating movement of the piston rod of the oil cylinder to generate vibration. The disadvantage of this device is high energy consumption and slow reversing speed; Vibration is used as the excitation device. The disadvantage of this device is that it generates serious heat and cannot work for a long time; the piezoelectric vibration device uses piezoelectric elements as the excitation source to generate intermediate frequency or ultrasonic waves, and the disadvantage is that the power is low.

[0005] The above-mentioned vibration device is generally installed on the corresponding machine tool as a general-purpose component, and together with the cutting fluid system and the active power system, the corresponding cutting system is formed. A common disadvantage of the above-mentioned devices is that they cannot provide coolant for the tool when used in vibration cutting.

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