Gas full-circulation oil-shale grading dry distillation technique and apparatus

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for carrying out fractionation to oil shale by utilizing gas as a thermal carrier under the condition of whole circulation. The oil shale is divided into three classes with different specifications: 0 to 6 millimeters, 6 to 20 millimeters and 20 to 50 millimeters; and the oil shale enters different carbonization furnaces for carbonization. The daily handling capacity of each set of the carbonization furnace is 1,000 tons. The oil shale is crushed and sifted, is dried and heated to the temperature of over 50 DEG C by smoke gas and enters the carbonization furnaces with different specifications for carbonization. The inside of the carbonization furnace is provided with feed distribution perforated wall which is matched with the particle size of the oil shale and a gas distribution structure. Thermal circulating gas is heated to the temperature of 700 DEG C in a heating furnace and is evenly and continuously transported to the middle part of the carbonization furnaces. Cold circulating gas enters from the lower part of the carbonization furnaces; carbonized carbocoal is cooled to the temperature of 250 DEG C, is discharged to a water-sealed carbocoal pool, is cooled to the temperature of 80 DEG C and is discharged to the outside of the furnace. One part of the carbocoal is transported to the heating furnace, is mixed with the gas for combustion; and one part of the carbocoal is transported to a power plant as a fuel. Carbonized oil gas passes through a cooling tower and is subjected to oil collection by an electric catcher and performs oil-gas-water separation; oil enters a storage tank; and water enters a circulating water pool. One part of the gas is used as the thermal carrier and is circularly used. One part of the gas is used as the fuel for the heating furnace; and one part of the gas is used as fuel gas for power generation. The theoretical oil yield of the process can reach over 90 percent.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention relates to a process for graded dry distillation of oil shale using gas as a heat carrier under the state of full gas circulation. After the oil shale is crushed, it is graded and screened, and then graded and retorted. There is no internal combustion device in the carbonization furnace, and all the heat required for carbonization is supplied by circulating gas. Background technique [0002] At present, the domestic oil shale dry distillation refining method, one is the Fushun type circular furnace, which is semi-internal combustion, semi-circulation, with a large amount of water vapor and air entering, the oil recovery rate is 60-65%, and the processing particle size is 12-75mm. The processing capacity of a single furnace is small, and the daily processing capacity of oil shale is 100 tons. A Maoming square furnace is a full internal combustion type, with air entering, the oil recovery rate is about 70%, and the treatment particle size...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of small daily processing capacity, large floor area, low oil recovery rate, environmental pollution, semi-coke not being effectively utilized, and expensive imported equipment in current domestic oil shale retorting refineries, and to provide a Large daily processing capacity, high oil recovery and environmentally friendly dry distillation process

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