Steel rail defect detection method by electromagnetical ultrasonic technology and device thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the electromagnetic ultrasonic non-destructive detection field, provides a method for detecting the defects of a steel rail by using the electromagnetic ultrasonic technology, and a device thereof, and aims at solving various problems of the existing steel rail detection method and meeting the need of the development of the high-speed electrified railway. The device consists of a probe, a circuit system, a storage unit and a display unit. The detection device uses an electromagnetic ultrasonic body wave to realize effective detection to the rail head, the rail web and the rail base of the railway by the cooperative work of a plurality of ultrasonic probes. The detection method does not need to use an acoustic couplant, has simple structure and strong adaptive capacity to environment and can realize high-speed steel rail detection.

Description

(1) Technical field [0001] The invention relates to ultrasonic detection technology, in particular to an electromagnetic ultrasonic technology rail defect detection method and a device thereof. (2) Background technology [0002] In terms of rail detection methods, piezoelectric ultrasonic detection is mainly used at home and abroad. In order to ensure the transduction efficiency of piezoelectric ultrasound, these flaw detectors must carry a large amount of acoustic coupling agent, which inevitably leads to many problems: such as increased device complexity and weight, limited detection speed and distance, reduced environmental adaptability, and detection cost Elevate etc. More importantly, the distance between the piezoelectric ultrasonic sensor and the rail is relatively long, and the sound wave needs to propagate in the couplant for a long time, which causes the reception to lag. When the flaw detection speed increases, the echo will lag behind for a certain distance and ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In order to ensure the transduction efficiency of piezoelectric ultrasound, these flaw detectors must carry a large amount of acoustic coupling agent, which inevitably leads to many problems: such as increased device complexity and weight, limited detection speed and distance, reduced environmental adaptability, and detection cost Elevate etc.

More importantly, the distance between the piezoelectric ultrasonic sensor and the rail is relatively long, and the sound wave needs to propagate in the couplant for a long time, which causes the reception to lag. When the flaw detection speed increases, the echo will lag behind for a certain distance and cannot Accurately received by ultrasound probes

In order to reduce this distance as much as possible, the diameter of the detection wheel is generally reduced as much as possible during design, but this also leads to an increase in the linear velocity of the detection wheel surface when the detection speed increases, which causes disturbances in the coupling fluid itself in the wheel, and countless stray reflection waves, making it impossible to perform flaw detection

It can be seen that the existence of the couplant limits the detection speed, making it difficult for the ultrasonic detection method to achieve a higher detection speed

In addition, the use of couplant complicates the mechanical structure of the detection device, requiring a container for the couplant, increasing the weight of the device, and the detection distance is also limited by the volume of the container

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